如何在具有嵌套键和值的Json文件中搜索某个关键字? [英] How can I search for a certain keyword in a Json file that has nested keys and values?

问题描述

我是python的初学者，我正在尝试在Json文件中搜索特定的关键字.我一直在阅读字典和列表在python中的工作方式，我偶然发现了这一点:

I am somewhat a beginner in python and I am trying to search for a specific keyword in a Json file. I have been reading up on how dictionaries and lists work in python and I came across this:

complex_list = [["a",["b",["c","x"]]],42]
complex_list[0][1]
output: ['b', ['c', 'x']]
complex_list[0][1][1][0]
output: 'c'

据我了解，在complex_ list [0] [1] 中， [0] 是整个括号 [，] 和 [1] 访问括号的第二部分: [，[this one]] .

As I understand, in complex_list[0][1], the [0] is the entire bracket [, ], and [1] accesses the second part of the bracket: [, [this one] ].

现在，这个代码: complex_list = [["a"，["b"，["c"，"x"]]，42] ，在列表中有2个正确的元素?a，b，c和x属于一个集合，而42属于第二个集合.我不知道该怎么解释: complex_list [0] [1] [1] [0] 访问'c'.

Now, this one: complex_list = [["a",["b",["c","x"]]],42], has 2 elements within the list correct? a, b, c ,and x belong to one set and 42 belongs to the second set. I don't know how to interpret this: complex_list[0][1][1][0] to access 'c'.

有人可以将其分解吗?我之所以这样问，是因为我认为这是解决以下我要解释的问题所需要的.

Could someone break it down please? I ask this because I think this is what I need to use to solve the problem I explain below.

这是我目前正在使用的文件中的一小部分样本:

This is a small sample from the file I am working with at the moment:

{ (white)

  "results": [
    { (black)
      "Fruit": "Apple",
      "Nested fruit": [
        "Orange"
      ],
      "Title1": "Some text",
      "Contents": { (yellow)
        "Name 1": [
          "John Smith"
        ],
        "Name 2": [
          "Tyler"
        ],
        "Name 3": [
          "Bob",
          "Rob"
        ],
        "Name 4": [
          "Linda"
        ],
        "Name 5": [
          "Mark",
          "Matt"
        ],
        "Some boolean": [
          true
        ]
      }, (yellow)

      "More stuff": "More random text",
      "Confusing": [
        { (red)
          "Some info": "456",
          "Info I want": "849456"
        } (red)
      ],
      "Not important": [
        { (blue)
          "random text": "bla",
          "random text2": "bla bla"
        } (blue)
      ],
      "Not important 2": "000",
      "Not important3": [
        "whatever",
        "whatever"
      ],
      "Not important 4": "16",
      "Not important 5": "0058"
    } (black)
  ]
} (white)

我在括号中的相应花括号旁边放置了颜色，以便于区分.通过网上的一些示例，我发现:

I have put colors in parenthesis next to their corresponding curly braces so that it is easy to distinguish. Following some examples online, I found:

import json

    with open('searchingKeywords.json') as f:
        data = json.load(f)
    print(data.keys())

    for k in data:
        for v in data[k]:
            if 'More stuff' in v:
                print("yes")

打印:

dict_keys(['results'])
yes

只有1个键，但是内容呢?这不是结果中的另一个关键吗?我感到很困惑.我感兴趣的是令人困惑"中的我想要的信息".如果包含关键字我想要的信息"，如何在许多嵌套的内容中进行搜索?最初，我尝试逐行读取-将Json文件解析为Python对象后，然后查看是否在每行中都找到了关键字我想要的信息"，但我一直遇到错误.此外，我正在使用的文件很大，我想要的信息"的嵌套方式可能有所不同.

There is only 1 key, but what about Contents? Isn't that another key within results? I am so confused. What I am interested in is "info I want" inside "Confusing". How do I search inside so many nested things if keyword "Info I want" is contained? Initially, I tried reading line by line-- once I parsed the Json file into a Python object-- and then see if a keyword "Info I want" is found in each line but I kept getting errors. Additionally, the file I am working with is huge and "Info I want" may be nested differently.

推荐答案

如评论中所述，

As mentioned in the comments, the not accepted answer in the linked question works perfectly fine for you case:

data = {
  "results": [
    {
      "Fruit": "Apple",
      "Nested fruit": [
        "Orange"
      ],
      "Title1": "Some text",
      "Contents": {
        "Name 1": [ 
          "John Smith"
        ],
        "Name 2": [
          "Tyler"
        ],
        "Name 3": [
          "Bob",
          "Rob"
        ],
        "Name 4": [
          "Linda"
        ],
        "Name 5": [
          "Mark",
          "Matt"
        ],
        "Some boolean": [
          True
        ]
      },
      "More stuff": "More random text",
      "Confusing": [
        {
          "Some info": "456",
          "Info I want": "849456"
        }
      ],
      "Not important": [
        {
          "random text": "bla",
          "random text2": "bla bla"
        }
      ],
      "Not important 2": "000",
      "Not important3": [
        "whatever",
        "whatever"
      ],
      "Not important 4": "16",
      "Not important 5": "0058"
    }
  ]
}


def item_generator(json_input, lookup_key):
    if isinstance(json_input, dict):
        for k, v in json_input.items():
            if k == lookup_key:
                yield v
            else:
                yield from item_generator(v, lookup_key)
    elif isinstance(json_input, list):
        for item in json_input:
            yield from item_generator(item, lookup_key)


res = item_generator(data, 'More stuff')
print([x for x in res])

res = item_generator(data, 'Info I want')
print([x for x in res])

输出:

['More random text']
['849456']

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