Django无法连接到mysql [英] Django cannot connect to mysql

问题描述

所以我将django应用程序和mysql放在docker容器中.这是我的工作

So i put my django app and mysql inside docker container. Here is what i do

Docker文件

FROM python:3
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
WORKDIR /app
COPY requirements.txt /app/requirements.txt
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
COPY . /app

这是我的docker-compose-yml

and here is my docker-compose-yml

version: '3'
services:
  db:
    container_name: database
    image: mysql:8
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

    environment:
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=django_example
      - MYSQL_USER=root
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=123456
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456
      - MYSQL_ROOT_HOST=%
    volumes:
      - "./db:/var/lib/mysql"
  web:
    container_name: app
    build: .
    command: python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
    ports:
      - "8000:8000"
    volumes:
      - .:/app
      - /tmp/app/mysqld:/run/mysqld
    depends_on: 
      - db

然后我用 docker-compose up

我收到此错误

MySQLdb._exceptions.OperationalError :( 2002年，无法连接到本地通过套接字'/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'(2)'')的MySQL服务器

MySQLdb._exceptions.OperationalError: (2002, "Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)")

这是我的数据库设置

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'django_example',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '3306',
    }
}

我的docker ps --all

My docker ps --all

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS                               NAMES
c61ac60bc037        mysql:latest        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   2 minutes ago       Up 34 seconds               0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   py_rest_api_db_1
f00857755a46        py_rest_api_web     "python manage.py ru…"   5 minutes ago       Up 34 seconds               0.0.0.0:8000->8000/tcp              py_rest_api_web_1

那么我该如何解决?我想念什么吗?

So how can i fix it ? did i miss something?

完整日志

Starting database ... done
Starting app      ... done
Attaching to database, app
database | 2020-10-23 06:03:42+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.22-1debian10 started.
database | 2020-10-23 06:03:42+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Switching to dedicated user 'mysql'
database | 2020-10-23 06:03:42+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.22-1debian10 started.
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:43.191491Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.22) starting as process 1
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:43.199528Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010159] [Server] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /var/lib/mysql/ is case insensitive
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:43.214677Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
app    | Watching for file changes with StatReloader
app    | Performing system checks...
app    | 
app    | System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
app    | Exception in thread django-main-thread:
app    | Traceback (most recent call last):
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 219, in ensure_connection
app    |     self.connect()
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
app    |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 200, in connect
app    |     self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
app    |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 234, in get_new_connection
app    |     return Database.connect(**conn_params)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 130, in Connect
app    |     return Connection(*args, **kwargs)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 185, in __init__
app    |     super().__init__(*args, **kwargs2)
app    | MySQLdb._exceptions.OperationalError: (2002, "Can't connect to MySQL server on 'db' (115)")
app    |
app    | The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
app    |
app    | Traceback (most recent call last):
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/threading.py", line 950, in _bootstrap_inner
app    |     self.run()
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/threading.py", line 888, in run
app    |     self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapper
app    |     fn(*args, **kwargs)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 121, in inner_run
app    |     self.check_migrations()
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 459, in check_migrations
app    |     executor = MigrationExecutor(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS])
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 18, in __init__
app    |     self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 53, in __init__
app    |     self.build_graph()
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 216, in build_graph
app    |     self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 77, in applied_migrations
app    |     if self.has_table():
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 55, in has_table
app    |     with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
app    |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 259, in cursor
app    |     return self._cursor()
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 235, in _cursor
app    |     self.ensure_connection()
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
app    |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 219, in ensure_connection
app    |     self.connect()
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
app    |     raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 219, in ensure_connection
app    |     self.connect()
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
app    |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 200, in connect
app    |     self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
app    |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 234, in get_new_connection
app    |     return Database.connect(**conn_params)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 130, in Connect
app    |     return Connection(*args, **kwargs)
app    |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 185, in __init__
app    |     super().__init__(*args, **kwargs2)
app    | django.db.utils.OperationalError: (2002, "Can't connect to MySQL server on 'db' (115)")
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:45.429683Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:45.557475Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Bind-address: '::' port: 33060, socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:45.635937Z 0 [System] [MY-010229] [Server] Starting XA crash recovery...
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:45.639397Z 0 [System] [MY-010232] [Server] XA crash recovery finished.
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:45.805023Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:45.805494Z 0 [System] [MY-013602] [Server] Channel mysql_main configured to support TLS. Encrypted connections are now supported for this channel.
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:45.818355Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011810] [Server] Insecure configuration for --pid-file: Location '/var/run/mysqld' in the path is accessible to all OS users. Consider choosing a different directory.
database | 2020-10-23T06:03:45.855862Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.22'  socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server - GPL.

推荐答案

您的数据库设置已将 HOST 设置为 localhost .当您的django服务在容器中旋转时，服务将在同一容器(django)上查找mysql，而不是连接到实际的mysql容器.

Your Database settings has HOST set to localhost. when your django service spins up in container, service will look for mysql on the same container (django) instead of connecting to actual mysql container.

• 将 HOST 的值更改为 db (数据库容器名称).
• 在docker compose中向Web添加 depends_on ，以确保Web容器等待db正常运行.
• 您可能还需要在mysql容器中设置 MYSQL_ROOT_HOST =％环境变量，以允许mysql接受远程连接.

• Change the HOST value to db (db container name).
• Add a depends_on to web in docker compose, to make sure web container waits for db to be up and running.
• You may also need to set MYSQL_ROOT_HOST=% environment variable in mysql container to allow mysql to accept remote connections.

修改

您可以尝试使用以下选项来等待db容器启动.

You can try using below options to wait for db container to be up.

• 使用 wait-for-sh ，如docker Official docs
中所建议
• 或尝试使用方法

• use wait-for-sh as suggested in docker official docs
• or try the approach here

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