如何在Django中正确抛出ValidationError? [英] How to properly throw a ValidationError in Django?

问题描述

以Django形式引发ValidationError异常的适当方法是什么?

What's the appropriate way to throw a ValidationError exception in a Django form?

似乎有几种不同的互斥方式引发此异常.如果我在表单中有一个自定义的 clean()方法，并且该错误没有涉及任何特定字段，那么我必须将其抛出:

There seems to be a few different mutually-exclusive ways to throw this exception. If I have a custom clean() method in a form, and the error doesn't refer to any specific field, then I have to throw it like:

raise ValidationError({NON_FIELD_ERRORS: ["Something's wrong!"]})

但是，如果我在InlineFormSet的自定义 clean()方法中执行此操作，它将破坏Django的验证框架并引发错误:

However, if I do this inside a custom clean() method of an InlineFormSet, it breaks Django's validation framework and throws the error:

AttributeError: 'ValidationError' object has no attribute 'error_list'

如果我改为将代码更改为:

If I instead change my code to:

raise ValidationError("Something's wrong!")

然后它可以正常工作，并且在我的网页上看到一个很好的用户友好的红色验证错误.但是，这种语法几乎在其他任何地方都会失败，并且如果我不不使用 raise ValidationError时，会错误地抛出错误'ValidationError'对象没有属性'error_list'({...})语法.为什么会这样?

then it works just fine and I see a nice user-friendly red validation error on my web page. However, this syntax fails almost anywhere else, and confusingly throws the error 'ValidationError' object has no attribute 'error_list' if I don't use the raise ValidationError({...}) syntax. Why is this?

推荐答案

在任何继承自BaseFormSet的类中，在 clean 实例方法中引发的 ValidationError 不相关具有任何特定形式.

In any class that inherits from BaseFormSet, ValidationErrors raised in the clean instance method are not associated with any particular form.

根据设计，您可以将列表传递给 ValidationError 或InlineFormSet的 clean 中的字符串.这将确保 self.error_list已设置.这对于表单集很有意义，因为它包含表单列表.

By design, you can pass a list to ValidationError or a string in clean for InlineFormSet. This will ensure that self.error_list is set. This makes sense for formset because it contains a list of forms.

raise ValidationError([{NON_FIELD_ERRORS: ["Something's wrong!"]}])

这与在 Form 中引发的 ValidationError 不同，在该表单中引发的错误与该表单相关联.因此，表单支持通过 dict ， str 或 list 到ValidationError.

This is different for ValidationError raised in a Form where errors raised are associated with that form. For this reason, forms support passing dict, str or list to ValidationError.

• 为什么需要将列表或字符串传递给InlineFormSet中的ValidationError

InlineFormSet错误没有任何形式

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