配置不正确:请求的设置为INSTALLED_APPS，但未配置设置-抓取工具 [英] ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting INSTALLED_APPS, but settings are not configured - Scraper

问题描述

当我尝试在Django中运行我的scraper时，出现以下错误.

When I try to run my scraper in Django I get the following error.

当我尝试使用内置的Django模型将抓取的数据放入数据库中时，就会发生这种情况.

This happened when I tried to put the scraped data into the database using the built-in Django models.

回溯和错误:

/usr/bin/python3.6 /home/xxxxxx/Desktop/project/teo/movierater/scrap.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/xxxxxx/Desktop/project/teo/movierater/scrap.py", line 7, in <module>
    from teo.movierater.api.models import *
  File "/home/xxxxxx/Desktop/project/teo/movierater/api/models.py", line 3, in <module>
    class Author(models.Model):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 103, in __new__
    app_config = apps.get_containing_app_config(module)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 252, in get_containing_app_config
    self.check_apps_ready()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 134, in check_apps_ready
    settings.INSTALLED_APPS
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 79, in __getattr__
    self._setup(name)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 64, in _setup

    % (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE))
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting INSTALLED_APPS, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.

我将其放入 bin/activate:

export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=mysite.settings

这是scraper.py的代码段:

Here is the code snippet from scraper.py:

import django
import os
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from teo.movierater.api.models import *


os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'movierater.settings'
django.setup()

当我尝试在django.setup()下面导入模型时:

When I try import models below django.setup():

import django
import os
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'movierater.settings'
django.setup()

from teo.movierater.api.models import *

错误:

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'movierater'

我的项目结构和设置:

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'rest_framework',
    'movierater.api',
]

wsgi.py文件:

wsgi.py file:

import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'movierater.settings')

application = get_wsgi_application()

推荐答案

我在这里可以看到几个可能的问题.

I can see a couple of possible issues here.

1. 使用 movierater.settings 作为 DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE 值，即 export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE = movierater.settings

• 请注意， movierater 的位置必须在您的 PYTHONPATH 上(

• please note that movierater's location must be on your PYTHONPATH (ImproperlyConfigured: You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings)

如何启动您的应用，您是否尝试过 python manage.py shell ?

how do you start your app, did you try python manage.py shell?

• 配置不当:请求设置INSTALLED_APPS，但设置是未配置

如果您想以脚本启动刮板(例如 python manage.py scraper )，那么最好的方法是编写自定义命令；看看使用django:来自"python manage.py shell"到python脚本

if you you want to start your scraper as a script (e.g. python manage.py scraper) then the best way to do it is to write a custom command; take a look at use django: from "python manage.py shell" to python script

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