python-docx:读取表的特定单元格中的下拉列表 [英] python-docx: read dropdown lists in a specific cell of a table
问题描述
我有几个表，它们在 .docx 文件中包含下拉列表，我想在某些特定的单元格中获取这些列表的值.感谢此线程: python-docx从dropdownlist获取信息(在表中)，我可以使用以下代码获取文档的所有下拉列表的值:
I have several tables that contain dropdown lists in a .docx file and I want to get the value of those lists in some specific cells. Thanks to this thread: python-docx get info from dropdownlist (in table), I was able to get the values of all dropdown lists of the document using this code:
from zipfile import ZipFile
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
file_name = 'document.docx'
# open docx file as a zip file and store its relevant xml data
zip_file = ZipFile(file_name)
xml_data = zip_file.read('word/document.xml')
zip_file.close()
# parse the xml data with BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(xml_data, 'xml')
# look for all values of dropdown lists in the data and store them
list_of_value = []
dd_lists_content = soup.find_all('sdtContent')
for i in dd_lists_content:
list_of_value.append(i.find('t').string)
现在，我不想只包含所有值的列表，而只想获取特定单元格中包含的某些下拉列表的值.由于我是 xml 的初学者，所以我真的不知道如何处理此问题.有什么办法可以使用python-docx做到这一点?
Now, instead of having a list of all values, I want to get only the values of some dropdown lists contained in specific cells. Since I am beginner with xml, I don't really know how to handle this problem. Is there any way to do this using python-docx?
这是我从一个文档中获得的 xml ，该文档包含一个带有两个单元格的表(一行，两列).第二个单元格(第二列)中有一个下拉列表.
Here is the xml I got from a document that contains one table with two cells (one row, two columns). There is a dropdown list in the second cell (second columns).
<w:body>
<w:tbl>
<w:tblPr>
<w:tblStyle w:val="TableGrid"/>
<w:tblW w:w="0" w:type="auto"/>
<w:tblLook w:val="04A0" w:firstRow="1" w:lastRow="0" w:firstColumn="1" w:lastColumn="0" w:noHBand="0" w:noVBand="1"/>
</w:tblPr>
<w:tblGrid>
<w:gridCol w:w="4530"/>
<w:gridCol w:w="4531"/>
</w:tblGrid>
<w:tr w:rsidR="00D87065" w14:paraId="72A579CB" w14:textId="77777777" w:rsidTr="008A68C3">
<w:tc>
<w:tcPr>
<w:tcW w:w="4530" w:type="dxa"/>
</w:tcPr>
<w:p w14:paraId="6DE8A678" w14:textId="28D4E672" w:rsidR="00D87065" w:rsidRDefault="00D87065" w:rsidP="00D87065">
<w:r>
<w:t>Normal cell</w:t>
</w:r>
</w:p>
</w:tc>
<w:sdt>
<w:sdtPr>
<w:id w:val="834274196"/>
<w:placeholder>
<w:docPart w:val="38439BE74EB3458EB38183CFE71463D5"/>
</w:placeholder>
<w:dropDownList>
<w:listItem w:displayText="A value in a dropdown list" w:value="A value in a dropdown list"/>
<w:listItem w:displayText="Another value in a dropdown list" w:value="Another value in a dropdown list"/>
</w:dropDownList>
</w:sdtPr>
<w:sdtContent>
<w:tc>
<w:tcPr>
<w:tcW w:w="4531" w:type="dxa"/>
</w:tcPr>
<w:p w14:paraId="11472D67" w14:textId="43D0742A" w:rsidR="00D87065" w:rsidRDefault="00D87065" w:rsidP="00D87065">
<w:r>
<w:t>A value in a dropdown list</w:t>
</w:r>
</w:p>
</w:tc>
</w:sdtContent>
</w:sdt>
</w:tr>
</w:tbl>
<w:p w14:paraId="336AB02A" w14:textId="276C1AFE" w:rsidR="0047588A" w:rsidRPr="0047588A" w:rsidRDefault="0047588A" w:rsidP="00D87065">
<w:pPr>
<w:pStyle w:val="Heading3"/>
</w:pPr>
</w:p>
<w:sectPr w:rsidR="0047588A" w:rsidRPr="0047588A" w:rsidSect="00341D09">
<w:pgSz w:w="11907" w:h="16840" w:code="9"/>
<w:pgMar w:top="1418" w:right="1418" w:bottom="1418" w:left="1418" w:header="720" w:footer="720" w:gutter="0"/>
<w:cols w:space="720"/>
<w:docGrid w:linePitch="360"/>
</w:sectPr>
</w:body>
在这种情况下，我希望能够在第二个单元格中搜索下拉列表的值，即 document.tables [0] .cells(0,1)并获取下拉列表的值" 作为输出.该信息包装在xml元素< w:t>下拉列表中的值</w:t> .
In this case, I want to be able to search for the value of the dropdown list in the second cell, i.e. document.tables[0].cells(0,1), and get 'A value of a dropdown list' as output. This information is wrapped in the xml element <w:t>A value in a dropdown list</w:t>.
推荐答案
i'm using the parsel library, so I can use xpath - easier to get to the value :
from parsel import Selector
sel = Selector(data,'xml')
#register namespace
sel.register_namespace("w", "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" )
#path to dropdownlost value :
path = "//w:sdtContent//w:t/text()"
outcome = sel.xpath(path).getall()
print(outcome)
['A value in a dropdown list']
请注意， parsel 是基于 lxml 构建的，使用IMO更容易.另外，请看一下xpath，因为如果您要使用xml的话它可能会很有利
note that parsel is built on lxml, just easier to use IMO. Also, have a look at xpath as it can be advantageous if u r going to be working with xml
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