我正在尝试学习Flask，但是UserMixin似乎无法正常工作 [英] I am trying to learn Flask, but UserMixin seems not to work

问题描述

更确切地说.我目前正在从 Corey Schafers 教程系列，我正处于登录身份验证阶段，一切似乎都很好，但是随后尝试登录后却出现了此错误:

So to be more exact. I am currently learning Flask from Corey Schafers tutorial series and I am in the phase of Login Authentication, everything seemed to be fine, but then I got this error after trying to log in:

AttributeError
AttributeError: 'User' object has no attribute 'is_active'

Traceback (most recent call last)
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 2463, in __call__
return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 2449, in wsgi_app
response = self.handle_exception(e)
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1866, in handle_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask\_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
raise value
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 2446, in wsgi_app
response = self.full_dispatch_request()
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1951, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1820, in handle_user_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask\_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
raise value
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1949, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.dispatch_request()
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1935, in dispatch_request
return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Documents\Code\Python\Flask\flaskblog\routes.py", line 60, in login
login_user(user, remember=form.remember.data)
File "C:\Users\panda\Desktop\HDD\Programs\Python3\Lib\site-packages\flask_login\utils.py", line 158, in login_user
if not force and not user.is_active:

我在其中定义了User类的代码如下:

My code where the class User is defined looks like this:

from datetime import datetime
from flaskblog import db, login_manager
from flask_login import UserMixin



@login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
    return User.query.get(int(user_id))


class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(20), unique=True, nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
    image_file = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False, default='default.jpg')
    password = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
    posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy=True)


    def __repr__(self):
        return f"User('{self.username}', '{self.email}', '{self.image_file}')"

我的 init .py文件如下:

My init.py file looks like this:

from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_bcrypt import Bcrypt
from flask_login import LoginManager

app = Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key = '5791628bb0b13ce0c676dfde280ba245'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///site.db'
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
login_manager = LoginManager(app)


bcrypt = Bcrypt(app)
from flaskblog import routes

我的带有登录页面路由的代码如下:

My code with route to the login page looks like this:

from flaskblog.models import User, Post
from flask import render_template, url_for, flash, redirect
from flaskblog.forms import RegistrationForm, LoginForm
from flaskblog import app, db, bcrypt
from flask_login import login_user

@app.route("/login", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():

    form = LoginForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        user = User.query.filter_by(email=form.email.data).first()
        if user and bcrypt.check_password_hash(user.password, form.password.data):
            login_user(user, remember=form.remember.data)
            return redirect(url_for('home'))
        else:
            flash('Login Unsuccessful. Please check email and password', 'danger')
    return render_template('login.html', title='Login', form=form)

最奇怪的部分是，即使我编辑类User以便它本身包含方法"is_active" ，错误仍会出现.

The weirdest part is that even in the case that I edit the class User so that it contains the method "is_active" in itself, the error keeps on appearing.

from datetime import datetime
from flaskblog import db, login_manager
from flask_login import UserMixin



@login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
    return User.query.get(int(user_id))


class User(UserMixin, db.Model):


    def is_active():
        return True


    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(20), unique=True, nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
    image_file = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False, default='default.jpg')
    password = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
    posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy=True)


    def __repr__(self):
        return f"User('{self.username}', '{self.email}', '{self.image_file}')"

此外，如果有帮助，在多台计算机上的多个操作系统上也会发生相同的问题.

Also, the same problem happens on multiple operating systems on multiple computers, if that is helpful.

推荐答案

我认为您的继承顺序不正确

I think your order of inheritance is wrong

尝试通过以下方式创建您的 User 类:

Try creating your User class this way:

class User(db.Model, UserMixin):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(20), unique=True, nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
    image_file = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False, default='default.jpg')
    password = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
    posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy=True)

在此处查看答案以更详细地了解: Python的工作原理super()具有多重继承吗?

Check the answers here to understand in more detail: How does Python's super() work with multiple inheritance?

请告诉我这是否可行.

看不到LoginManager初始化.按照 flask_login 包

Don't see the LoginManager initialization. Saw this as per the documentation in the flask_login package

login_manager = LoginManager(app)

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