打字稿占位符通用 [英] Typescript Placeholder Generic

问题描述

假设给定数据

const dataA = {
  name: "John",
  age: 25,
  attributes: {specificA: "hello", specificA2: 14, nonspecific:"Well"},
}

const dataB = {
  name: "Lisa",
  age: 38,
  attributes: {specificB: "hello", someMoreSpecificStuff: true, nonspecific:"Hope this"},
}

const dataC = {
  name: "Peter",
  age: 60,
  attributes: {specificC: "hello", couldBeAnyName: "Oh My", nonspecific:"makes sense"},
}

我的某些组件将仅访问常规信息(名称，年龄)
其他一些人将不仅访问常规信息，而且访问键相同但属性值不相同的属性中共享的常规信息( attributes.nonspecific )某些组件只能使用一种数据类型.

Some of my components will only access the general information (name, age)
Some others will only access the general information, but also the general information that is shared in properties whose keys are the same, but the values are not (attributes.nonspecific) Some components will work only one of the data types.

到目前为止，我想到的是:

What I came up so far is this:

const dataA: MyDataType<A> = {
  name: "John",
  age: 25,
  attributes: {specificA: "hello", specificA2: 14, nonspecific:"Well"},
}

const dataB: MyDataType<B> = {
  name: "Lisa",
  age: 38,
  attributes: {specificB: "hello", someMoreSpecificStuff: true, nonspecific:"Hope this"},
}

const dataC:MyDataType<C> = {
  name: "Peter",
  age: 60,
  attributes: {couldBeAnything: "Oh My", nonspecific:"makes sense"},
}

type MyDataType<T extends A | B | C> = {
  name: string;
  age: number;
  attributes: T
}

type A = {
  specificA: string;
  specificA2: number;
  nonspecific: string;
}

type B = {
  specificB: string;
  someMoreSpecificStuff: true;
  nonspecific: string;
}

type C = {
  couldBeAnything: string;
  nonspecific: string;
}

这很好用，但是如果我现在想要一个组件使用这些数据类型中的任何一种，我必须像这样输入它:

This works fine, but if I now want a component to work with any of these data types, I have to type it like this:

interface ForMyGeneralComponent{
  data: MyDataType<A | B | C>
}

我想写的是

interface ForMyGeneralComponent{
      data: MyDataType<GenericType>
    }

并在某处声明 GenericType 是 A ， B 或 C .

为什么问?想象一下，这些属性可以由30种不同的类型组成.如果必须在任何地方键入它们，这将大大降低可读性.而且我猜我也很懒?

Why you ask? Imagine these attributes can be made of up 30 different types. If I have to type them out everywhere, this decreases readability by a lot. And also I am lazy I guess?

打字稿操场

推荐答案

不确定，如果我了解您的用例.
也许您只想为所有属性引入一种新类型，例如

Not sure, if I understood your use-case.
Maybe you just want to introduce a new type for all your attributes e.g.

type MyAttributes = A | B | C;

type MyDataType<T extends MyAttributes> = {
  name: string;
  age: number;
  attributes: T
}

interface ForMyGeneralComponent{
  data: MyDataType<MyAttributes>
}

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