Matplotlib - 断轴示例:不均匀的子图大小 [英] Matplotlib - Broken axis example: uneven subplot size

问题描述

我还没有找到调整 matplotlib 的断轴示例.

I haven't found a solution to adjust the height of the bottom and top plot of the broken axis example of matplotlib.

顺便说一句:可以通过以下方式调整两个图之间的间隔:

BTW: The space between the two plots can be adjusted by:

plt.subplots_adjust(hspace=0.03)

更新:

我几乎已经使用 gridspec 弄明白了:

I've almost figured it out using gridspec:

"""
Broken axis example, where the y-axis will have a portion cut out.
"""
import matplotlib.pylab as plt
# NEW:
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
import numpy as np

pts = np.array([ 0.015,  0.166,  0.133,  0.159,  0.041,  0.024,  0.195,
    0.039, 0.161,  0.018,  0.143,  0.056,  0.125,  0.096,  0.094, 0.051,
    0.043,  0.021,  0.138,  0.075,  0.109,  0.195,  0.05 , 0.074, 0.079,
    0.155,  0.02 ,  0.01 ,  0.061,  0.008])
pts[[3,14]] += .8

# NEW:
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(2, 1, height_ratios=[1, 3])
ax = plt.subplot(gs[0])
ax2 = plt.subplot(gs[1])
plt.subplots_adjust(hspace=0.03)

ax.plot(pts)
ax2.plot(pts)
ax.set_ylim(.78,1.)
ax2.set_ylim(.0,.22)
ax.spines['bottom'].set_visible(False)
ax2.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax.xaxis.tick_top()
ax.tick_params(labeltop='off')
ax2.xaxis.tick_bottom()

d = .03
kwargs = dict(transform=ax.transAxes, color='k', clip_on=False)
ax.plot((0-d,0+d), (0-d,0+d), **kwargs)   # top-left diagonal
ax.plot((1-d,1+d), (0-d,0+d), **kwargs)   # top-right diagonal
kwargs.update(transform=ax2.transAxes)  # switch to the bottom axes
ax2.plot((0-d,0+d),(1-d,1+d), **kwargs) # bottom-left diagonal
ax2.plot((1-d,1+d),(1-d,1+d), **kwargs) # bottom-right diagonal

plt.show()

剩下的问题是:

1. 两个平行线段(虚线轴标记)由于y轴的长度不同，所以不再平行.

1. The two parallel line segments (marker for the broken axis) are not parallel anymore because of the different length of the y-axis.

另一个问题是如何方便地定位 ylabel.

A further issue is how to position conveniently the ylabel.

最后，我在gridspec中看不到选项 sharex = True .这有关系吗?

Finally I don't see the option sharex=True in gridspec. Does this matter?

更新:

添加的 ylim 和 ylim2 参数确实以数据单位相等的方式确定高度比:

added ylim and ylim2 parameters do determine the height ratios in such a way that the data units are equal:

ylim  = [0.8, 1.0]
ylim2 = [0.0, 0.3]
ylimratio = (ylim[1]-ylim[0])/(ylim2[1]-ylim2[0]+ylim[1]-ylim[0])
ylim2ratio = (ylim2[1]-ylim2[0])/(ylim2[1]-ylim2[0]+ylim[1]-ylim[0])
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(2, 1, height_ratios=[ylimratio, ylim2ratio])
ax = plt.subplot(gs[0])
ax2 = plt.subplot(gs[1])
ax.set_ylim(ylim)
ax2.set_ylim(ylim2)

推荐答案

UPDATE 2018

有一个github项目 https://github.com/bendichter/brokenaxes 可能是使用起来更方便.

There is a github project https://github.com/bendichter/brokenaxes which probably is more convenient to use.

我自己的解决方案看起来像(使用gridspec，假设两个y轴的单位应该相等):

My own solution looks like (using gridspec, assuming that the units of the two y-axis should be equal):

 """
 Broken axis example, where the y-axis will have a portion cut out.
 """
 import matplotlib.pylab as plt
 import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
 import numpy as np

 pts = np.array([ 0.015,  0.166,  0.133,  0.159,  0.041,  0.024,  0.195,
     0.039, 0.161,  0.018,  0.143,  0.056,  0.125,  0.096,  0.094, 0.051,
     0.043,  0.021,  0.138,  0.075,  0.109,  0.195,  0.05 , 0.074, 0.079,
     0.155,  0.02 ,  0.01 ,  0.061,  0.008])
 pts[[3,14]] += .8

 ylim  = [0.82, 1.0]
 ylim2 = [0.0, 0.32]
 ylimratio = (ylim[1]-ylim[0])/(ylim2[1]-ylim2[0]+ylim[1]-ylim[0])
 ylim2ratio = (ylim2[1]-ylim2[0])/(ylim2[1]-ylim2[0]+ylim[1]-ylim[0])
 gs = gridspec.GridSpec(2, 1, height_ratios=[ylimratio, ylim2ratio])
 fig = plt.figure()
 ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[0])
 ax2 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1])
 ax.plot(pts)
 ax2.plot(pts)
 ax.set_ylim(ylim)
 ax2.set_ylim(ylim2)
 plt.subplots_adjust(hspace=0.03)

 ax.spines['bottom'].set_visible(False)
 ax2.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
 ax.xaxis.tick_top()
 ax.tick_params(labeltop='off')
 ax2.xaxis.tick_bottom()

 ax2.set_xlabel('xlabel')
 ax2.set_ylabel('ylabel')
 ax2.yaxis.set_label_coords(0.05, 0.5, transform=fig.transFigure)

 kwargs = dict(color='k', clip_on=False)
 xlim = ax.get_xlim()
 dx = .02*(xlim[1]-xlim[0])
 dy = .01*(ylim[1]-ylim[0])/ylimratio
 ax.plot((xlim[0]-dx,xlim[0]+dx), (ylim[0]-dy,ylim[0]+dy), **kwargs)
 ax.plot((xlim[1]-dx,xlim[1]+dx), (ylim[0]-dy,ylim[0]+dy), **kwargs)
 dy = .01*(ylim2[1]-ylim2[0])/ylim2ratio
 ax2.plot((xlim[0]-dx,xlim[0]+dx), (ylim2[1]-dy,ylim2[1]+dy), **kwargs)
 ax2.plot((xlim[1]-dx,xlim[1]+dx), (ylim2[1]-dy,ylim2[1]+dy), **kwargs)
 ax.set_xlim(xlim)
 ax2.set_xlim(xlim)

 plt.savefig('broken_axis-mod.png')

这篇关于Matplotlib - 断轴示例:不均匀的子图大小的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！