如何在matplotlib中将次轴图排列在主轴图下方? [英] How to arrange plots of secondary axis to be below plots of primary axis in matplotlib?

问题描述

我正在尝试在两个 y 轴上绘制两条曲线，如图所示.但是，即使将红色图(压力)的zorder设置为1和2，绿色图(针升力)也会绘制在主轴图上方.

我使用的代码:

将 numpy 导入为 np导入matplotlib.pyplot作为plt从matplotlib导入行情自动收录器data = np.genfromtxt("secondary_axis.dat", skiprows = 2, delimiter = ',')时间 = 数据 [:, 0]压力 = 数据 [:, 1] * 0.006894759086775369pressure_charge = data [0，0]Needle_lift = 数据 [:, 2]图 = plt.figure(figsize=(5.15, 5.15))图.clf()情节= plt.subplot(111)plot.plot(时间，压力，标签 = r'\textit{Raw}', zorder = 2)plot.set_xlabel(r'\ textit {X}'，labelpad = 6)plot.set_ylabel(r'\ textit {Y}'，labelpad = 6)primary_ticks = len(plot.yaxis.get_major_ticks())ax2 = plot.twinx()ax2.plot(时间，needle_lift，color ='#4DAF4A'，zorder = 1)ax2.grid(假)ax2.set_ylabel(r'\textit{Z}', labelpad=6)ax2.yaxis.set_major_locator(tick.LinearLocator(primary_ticks))plt.show()

数据可在

I am trying to plot two curves on two y-axes as shown in figure. But the green plot (needle lift) is plotted above the primary axis plot even though I set zorder to be 1 and 2 for the red plot (pressure).

The code I used:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import ticker as tick
data = np.genfromtxt("secondary_axis.dat", skiprows = 2, delimiter = ',')
time = data[:, 0]
pressure = data[:, 1] * 0.006894759086775369
pressure_charge = data[0, 0]
needle_lift = data[:, 2]
figure = plt.figure(figsize=(5.15, 5.15))
figure.clf()
plot = plt.subplot(111)
plot.plot(time, pressure, label = r'\textit{Raw}', zorder = 2)
plot.set_xlabel(r'\textit{X}', labelpad=6)
plot.set_ylabel(r'\textit{Y}', labelpad=6)
primary_ticks = len(plot.yaxis.get_major_ticks())
ax2 = plot.twinx()
ax2.plot(time, needle_lift, color='#4DAF4A', zorder = 1)
ax2.grid(False)
ax2.set_ylabel(r'\textit{Z}', labelpad=6)
ax2.yaxis.set_major_locator(tick.LinearLocator(primary_ticks))
plt.show()

And data is available here

How to place the green (needle lift) plot below the red plot (pressure) with matplotlib?

Updated code with rc settings

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import rc_context
from matplotlib import ticker as tick


def init_plot_dark():
    params = {'backend' : 'agg', 'legend.numpoints' : 1,
    'lines.linewidth' : 1.0, 'lines.linestyle' : '-', 'axes.facecolor' : '#EEEEEE', 'axes.edgecolor' : '#FFFFFF',
    'axes.linewidth' : 0.0, 'axes.grid' : True, 'axes.titlesize' : 'large', 'axes.labelsize' : 12, 'axes.labelweight' : 'normal',
    'axes.labelcolor' : '000000', 'axes.axisbelow' : True, 'polaraxes.grid' : True , 'axes3d.grid' : True,
    'axes.color_cycle' : ('#E41A1C', '#377EB8', '#4DAF4A', '#984EA3', '#FF7F00', '#FFFF33', '#A65628', '#F781BF', '#999999'),
    'xtick.major.size' : 4 ,'xtick.minor.size' : 2 ,'xtick.major.width' : 0 ,'xtick.minor.width' : 0 ,'xtick.major.pad' : 6,
    'xtick.minor.pad' : 6, 'xtick.color' : '#000000' , 'xtick.labelsize' : 10, 'xtick.direction' : 'in',
    'ytick.major.size' : 4, 'ytick.minor.size' : 2 ,'ytick.major.width' : 0 ,'ytick.minor.width' : 0 ,'ytick.major.pad' : 6,
    'ytick.minor.pad' : 6 ,'ytick.color' : '#000000', 'ytick.labelsize' : 10, 'ytick.direction' : 'in',
    'grid.color' : '#FFFFFF', 'grid.linestyle' : '-', 'grid.linewidth' : 0.5, 'grid.alpha' : 1.0,
    'legend.fontsize' : 10, 'legend.borderaxespad' : 0.5, 'legend.shadow' : False, 'legend.frameon' : True}
    plt.rcParams.update(params)

init_plot_dark()

data = np.genfromtxt("secondary_axis.dat", skiprows = 2, delimiter = ',')
time = data[:, 0]
pressure = data[:, 1] * 0.006894759086775369
pressure_charge = data[0, 0]
needle_lift = data[:, 2]
figure = plt.figure(figsize=(5.15, 5.15))
figure.clf()
plot = plt.subplot(111)
plot.plot(time, pressure, label = r'\textit{Raw}', zorder = 2)
plot.set_xlabel(r'\textit{X}', labelpad=6)
plot.set_ylabel(r'\textit{Y}', labelpad=6)
primary_ticks = len(plot.yaxis.get_major_ticks())
ax2 = plot.twinx()
ax2.plot(time, needle_lift, color='#4DAF4A', zorder = 1)
ax2.grid(False)
ax2.set_ylabel(r'\textit{Z}', labelpad=6)
ax2.yaxis.set_major_locator(tick.LinearLocator(primary_ticks))
plt.show()

解决方案

You need to set the zorder of your first axis to be above the zorder of your second axis, but you need to do it after plotting them both. Add these two lines just before your plt.show()

plot.set_zorder(ax2.get_zorder()+1)
plot.patch.set_visible(False)

The first line gets the zorder correct, but would hide the second axis comepletely. So, we also need to remove the canvas, using the second line.

EDIT

To get the grid lines right using your rcParams, you could do the following instead: Switch which line is plotted on your plot axis and your ax2 axis (i.e. pressure on ax2 and needle lift on plot), and then change around which side their axis and tick labels are:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import rc_context
from matplotlib import ticker as tick


def init_plot_dark():
    params = {'backend' : 'agg', 'legend.numpoints' : 1,
    'lines.linewidth' : 1.0, 'lines.linestyle' : '-', 'axes.facecolor' : '#EEEEEE', 'axes.edgecolor' : '#FFFFFF',
    'axes.linewidth' : 0.0, 'axes.grid' : True, 'axes.titlesize' : 'large', 'axes.labelsize' : 12, 'axes.labelweight' : 'normal',
    'axes.labelcolor' : '000000', 'axes.axisbelow' : True, 'polaraxes.grid' : True , 'axes3d.grid' : True,
    'axes.color_cycle' : ('#E41A1C', '#377EB8', '#4DAF4A', '#984EA3', '#FF7F00', '#FFFF33', '#A65628', '#F781BF', '#999999'),
    'xtick.major.size' : 4 ,'xtick.minor.size' : 2 ,'xtick.major.width' : 0 ,'xtick.minor.width' : 0 ,'xtick.major.pad' : 6,
    'xtick.minor.pad' : 6, 'xtick.color' : '#000000' , 'xtick.labelsize' : 10, 'xtick.direction' : 'in',
    'ytick.major.size' : 4, 'ytick.minor.size' : 2 ,'ytick.major.width' : 0 ,'ytick.minor.width' : 0 ,'ytick.major.pad' : 6,
    'ytick.minor.pad' : 6 ,'ytick.color' : '#000000', 'ytick.labelsize' : 10, 'ytick.direction' : 'in',
    'grid.color' : '#FFFFFF', 'grid.linestyle' : '-', 'grid.linewidth' : 0.5, 'grid.alpha' : 1.0,
    'legend.fontsize' : 10, 'legend.borderaxespad' : 0.5, 'legend.shadow' : False, 'legend.frameon' : True}
    plt.rcParams.update(params)

init_plot_dark()

data = np.genfromtxt("secondary_axis.dat", skiprows = 2, delimiter = ',')
time = data[:, 0]
pressure = data[:, 1] * 0.006894759086775369
pressure_charge = data[0, 0]
needle_lift = data[:, 2]
figure = plt.figure(figsize=(5.15, 5.15))
figure.clf()
plot = plt.subplot(111)
plot.plot(time, needle_lift, color='#4DAF4A', zorder = 1)
plot.set_xlabel(r'\textit{X}', labelpad=6)
plot.set_ylabel(r'\textit{Z}', labelpad=6)
ax2 = plot.twinx()
ax2.plot(time, pressure, label = r'\textit{Raw}', zorder = 2)
ax2.grid(False)
ax2.set_ylabel(r'\textit{Y}', labelpad=6)
primary_ticks = len(ax2.yaxis.get_major_ticks())
plot.yaxis.set_major_locator(tick.LinearLocator(primary_ticks))

plot.yaxis.tick_right()
plot.yaxis.set_label_position("right")

ax2.yaxis.tick_left()
ax2.yaxis.set_label_position("left")

plt.show()

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