代码终止后保持 matplotlib/pyplot 窗口打开 [英] keep matplotlib / pyplot windows open after code termination

问题描述

我希望python制作一个绘图，在不阻塞控制流的情况下显示它，并在代码退出后保持绘图打开.这可能吗?

I'd like python to make a plot, display it without blocking the control flow, and leave the plot open after the code exits. Is this possible?

这个和相关主题存在于许多其他线程中(见下文)，但我无法让情节既保持开放又不阻塞.例如，如果我在 pyplot.show() 之前使用 pyplot.ion()，或者如果我使用 pyplot.show(block=False)>然后，代码终止时图将关闭.使用 python 或 ipython 都是如此.如果重要的话，我在 OS X 10.8.2 (Mountain Lion) 上运行，运行 python27 和 ipython27

This, and related subjects exist (see below) in numerous other threads, but I can't get the plot to both stay open, and be non-blocking. For example, if I use pyplot.ion() before pyplot.show(), or if I use pyplot.show(block=False) then the plot closes when the code terminates. This is true using either python or ipython. If it matters, I'm running on OS X 10.8.2 (Mountain Lion), running python27 and ipython27

相关讨论:
pylab matplotlibshow"等到窗口关闭
有没有办法分离 matplotlib 图以便计算可以继续?
保持在Matplotlib中打开绘图窗口
关闭pyplot窗口

推荐答案

在 Linux 上，您可以通过以下方式分离显示:

On Linux you can detach the display this way:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.mlab as mlab
import numpy as np
import os

def detach_display():
    mu, sigma = 0, 0.5
    x = np.linspace(-3, 3, 100)
    plt.plot(x, mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma))
    plt.show()    

if os.fork():
    # Parent
    pass
else:
    # Child
    detach_display()

主要过程结束了，但情节依然存在.

The main process ends, but the plot remains.

尝试#2.这在Linux上也适用；您可以尝试一下:，但不能在OS X上使用.

Attempt #2. This also works on Linux; you might give it a try: but not on OS X.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.mlab as mlab
import numpy as np
import os
import multiprocessing as mp

def detach_display():
    mu, sigma = 0, 0.5
    x = np.linspace(-3, 3, 100)
    plt.plot(x, mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma))
    plt.show()

proc = mp.Process(target=detach_display)
proc.start()
os._exit(0)

在没有 os._exit(0)的情况下，主进程会阻塞.按 Ctrl-C 会终止主进程，但情节仍然存在.

Without the os._exit(0), the main process blocks. Pressing Ctrl-C kills the main process, but the plot remains.

使用 os._exit(0)，主过程结束，但情节仍然存在.

With the os._exit(0), the main process ends, but the plot remains.

叹气.尝试#3.如果您将 matplotlib 调用放在另一个脚本中，那么您可以像这样使用子进程:

Sigh. Attempt #3. If you place your matplotlib calls in another script, then you could use subprocess like this:

show.py:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import sys

filename = sys.argv[1]
data = np.load(filename)
plt.plot(data['x'], data['y'])
plt.show()    

test.py

import subprocess
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.mlab as mlab

mu, sigma = 0, 0.5
x = np.linspace(-3, 3, 100000)
y = mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma)
filename = '/tmp/data.npz'
np.savez(filename, x=x, y=y)
proc = subprocess.Popen(['python', '/path/to/show.py', filename])

运行 test.py 应该显示一个绘图并将控制权返回给终端，同时保持绘图显示.

Running test.py should display a plot and return control to the terminal while leaving the plot displayed.

这篇关于代码终止后保持 matplotlib/pyplot 窗口打开的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！