您可以只将一些子图复制到新图形中吗? [英] Can you copy only some subplots to a new figure?

问题描述

有没有办法将轴(子图)复制到新图形中?这在其他语言中很简单，但我知道即使是深拷贝也不适用于 python 的 matplotlib.例如.如果我有一个包含 6 个子图的图形，我如何将这些子图中的 2 个复制到一个新图形中，并带有所有设置?标签，刻度线，图例，网格等.

Is there a way to copy an axis (subplot) to a new figure? This is straightforward in other languages, but I understand that not even a deep copy would work with python's matplotlib. E.g. if I have a figure with 6 subplots, how can I copy 2 of those subplots to a new figure, with all the settings? Labels, tickmarks, legend, grid, etc.

我发现这个 answer ，实际上是二合一:第一个不再有效(不推荐使用的语法)，而我无法让第二个在我的情况下工作.

I have found this answer , which is actually 2 in 1: the first no longer works (deprecated syntax), while I couldn't get the second to work in my case.

我设法重新创建了一个新图形并删除了我不想要的子图，但是我留下了一个 3x2 的子图网格，其中绘制了 2 个，4 个为空.有什么建议吗?

I manage to recreate a new figure and to remove the subplots I don't want, but I am left with a 3x2 grid of subplots, in which 2 are drawn and 4 are empty. Any suggestions?

我在下面整理了一个玩具示例；当然，我的图表更复杂，设置更多.

I have put together a toy example below; my charts are, of course, way more complex with way more settings.

请注意，我使用的是seaborn，但应该无关紧要-我相信这是一个matplotlib问题，无论是否使用seaborn，答案都将是相同的.

Note I used seaborn but it should be irrelevant - I believe this is a matplotlib question and the answer is going to be the same regardless of whether seaborn is used.

更新:按照@Earnest 的提示，我可以更改新图形的几何形状，使其只有两个子图，执行:

UPDATE: Following the tips from @Earnest, I can change the geometry of the new figure so that it only has two subplots, doing:

axes.change_geometry(1,2,2)

我不知道该怎么做是将子图移动.回顾一下:

What I don't know how to do is to move the subplots around. To recap:

• 我从3x2网格中的6个子图开始.
• 我回忆起记忆，然后解开一个新的人物.
• 在新图中，我只保留子图 1 和 2，即由 [行，列] [0,1] 和 [1,0] 标识的那些；其他 4 个子图现在是空白区域.
• 我想要一个 [1x2] 的网格布局；如果我做 axes.change_geometry(1,2,2) 然后我得到那个布局，但我的两个子图之一消失了.

• I start with 6 subplots in a 3x2 grid.
• I pickle to memory, then unpickle to a new figure.
• In the new figure, I keep only subplots 1 and 2, i.e. those identified by [rows, columns] [0,1] and [1,0]; the other 4 subplots are now blank spaces.
• I want a [1x2] grid layout; if I do axes.change_geometry(1,2,2) then I get that layout, but one of my two subplots disappears.

有什么建议吗?

    import numpy as np
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    import matplotlib
    import seaborn as sns
    import pickle
    import io


    sns.set(style='darkgrid')

    n=int(100)
    x=np.arange(0,n)

    fig, ax = plt.subplots(3,2)

    for i,a in enumerate(ax.flatten() ):
        y= np.random.rand(n)
        sns.lineplot( x, y , ax =a )
        a.set_title('Chart # ' + str(i+1))
        a.set_xlabel('my x')
        a.set_ylabel('my y')

    fig2, ax2 = plt.subplots(1,2)

    buf = io.BytesIO()
    pickle.dump(fig, buf)
    buf.seek(0)

    fig2=pickle.load(buf)

    tokeep=[1,2]

    # note that i == 1correponds to a[0,1]
    for i,a in enumerate(fig2.axes):
        if not i in(tokeep):
            fig2.delaxes(a)
        else:
            axes=a

推荐答案

这真的是@Ernest的答案；他向我指出了正确的方向.我在这里输入此内容作为将来的参考，希望它对其他人有用.基本上我必须在删除我不需要的子图后使用 change_geometry .我认为R Universe中的ggplot具有更简洁的实现，但是，总体而言，这似乎还可以-不太麻烦.我已经评论了下面的代码 - 希望它足够清楚:

This is really @Ernest's answer; he pointed me in the right direction. I am typing this here as an answer for future reference, in the hope it can be useful to others. Basically I had to use change_geometry after deleting the subplots I didn't need. I think ggplot in the R universe has a cleaner implementation, but, overall, this seems OK - not too cumbersome. I have commented the code below - hope it's clear enough:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import pickle
import io

sns.set(style='darkgrid')

#create the subplots
n=int(100)
x=np.arange(0,n)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(3,2)

for i,a in enumerate(ax.flatten() ):
    y= np.random.rand(n)
    sns.lineplot( x, y , ax =a )
    a.set_title('Chart # ' + str(i+1))
    a.set_xlabel('my x')
    a.set_ylabel('my y')

# pickle the figure, then unpickle it to a new figure
buf = io.BytesIO()
pickle.dump(fig, buf)
buf.seek(0)
fig2=pickle.load(buf)

# sets which subplots to keep
# note that i == 1correponds to a[0,1]
tokeep=[1,2]
axestokeep=[]

for i,a in enumerate(fig2.axes):
    if not i in(tokeep):
        fig2.delaxes(a)
    else:
        axestokeep.extend([a])

axestokeep[0].change_geometry(1,2,1)
axestokeep[1].change_geometry(1,2,2)

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