删除powershell输出中的空行...一般 [英] Remove blank lines in powershell output... Generally
问题描述
我是 PS 脚本的新手.我发现，一般来说，PS 在其命令的输出中添加了很多换行符.我在下面给出了几个例子，说明我发现 PS 命令中的(默认?)输出有些概括.我习惯了类 Unix 的输出，其中一般化的输出几乎没有这些行(当然，没有什么可以阻止程序员添加它们).
I am a newcomer to PS scripting. I have found that, generally speaking, PS adds a lot of newlines to output of its commands. I am giving below a couple of examples of what I found somewhat generalized about the (default?) output in PS commands. I am used to Unix-like output, where the generalized output has few to none of these lines (of course, nothing prevents a programmer from adding them).
是否有一种可配置的方法来减少这些换行符的数量，也许还可以减少冗长?
我在下面汇编了处理特定案例的 SO 问题(和额外问题)列表，但没有一个针对一般设置.我可以逐个命令地应用一些答案，但我问是否有某种形式的整体设置/配置 PS.
I have compiled below a list of SO questions (and extra) dealing with specific cases, but none aims at a general setting. I could apply some of the answers on a command-by-command basis, but I am asking if there is some form of overall setting/configuring PS.
编辑:后来我在 SU 中发现了这个类似的问题(略有不同).
EDIT: Later on I found this similar question (with a slight variation) in SU.
示例
这是我用几个命令看到的
This is what I see with a couple of commands
> dir
****** EXTRA LINE
****** EXTRA LINE
Directorio: C:\Users\USER1\OneDrive - YPF\Documents\soft-hard-ware\windows\powershell ****** VERBOSITY LINE
****** EXTRA LINE
****** EXTRA LINE
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name ****** VERBOSITY LINE
---- ------------- ------ ---- ****** VERBOSITY LINE
-a---- 9/7/2020 17:11 1021 exec_powershell_info.txt
-a---- 9/4/2016 08:25 281 first_bytes.ps1
-a---- 10/7/2020 07:53 1536 get_current_script_name.ps1
-a---- 9/7/2020 11:58 29 hello_world.ps1
-a---- 9/4/2016 09:02 344 last_bytes.ps1
-a---- 14/4/2016 13:08 975 split.ps1
-a---- 10/7/2020 07:54 3108 update-help.txt
****** EXTRA LINE
****** EXTRA LINE
> Get-Culture
****** EXTRA LINE
LCID Name DisplayName ****** VERBOSITY LINE
---- ---- ----------- ****** VERBOSITY LINE
11274 es-AR Español (Argentina)
****** EXTRA LINE
****** EXTRA LINE
向右滚动，可以看到我的评论.我已经标记了EXTRA LINE"；我要删除的行.我已经标记了VERBOSITY LINE"；我想删除的线条，但我有点容忍"更多.
Scrolling to the right, one can see my comments.
I have tagged "EXTRA LINE" the lines I mean to remove.
I have tagged "VERBOSITY LINE" the lines I mean to remove, but which I sort of "tolerate" more.
相比之下，这就是我在 Linux 中看到的，我发现它不那么冗长".
As a point in comparison, this is what I see in Linux, which I find "less verbose".
$ ll
total 12K
drwxrwxr-x 2 santiago santiago 4,0K ago 10 2017 ./
drwxrwxr-x 17 santiago santiago 4,0K may 19 10:28 ../
-rwxrwxr-x 1 santiago santiago 557 ago 10 2017 date2str.rb*
<小时>
未解决问题的其他来源列表
- 删除powershell输出中的空行
- 删除空行 Powershell 输出
- 从 Powershell 输出中删除空行
- 如何从 Get-WMIObject 中删除多余的行输出powershell
- 从输出中删除空行?
- 在 PowerShell 中从输出中删除空格
- 从 Powershell 输出中删除空行
- 从 PowerShell 输出中删除多余的空格
- 从输出中删除空行
- https://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/229727f6-fdb6-4d95-b585-bd9af3ee6670/removing-blank-spaces-and-blank-lines-from-output?forum=ITCG
推荐答案
您可以定义一个自定义Out-Default 函数，从输出中删除所有空行/空白行(仅用于显示):
You can define a custom Out-Default function that removes all empty/blank lines from the output (for display only):
function Out-Default {
$Input | Out-String -Stream | Where { $_.Trim().Length -gt 0 } | Write-Host
}
您可以将它放在您的 $PROFILE 文件中，以便在以后的所有会话中都可用(使用 -NoProfile 调用 PowerShell 的会话除外).
You can place it in your $PROFILE file to be available in all future sessions (except those where PowerShell is invoked with -NoProfile).
所有命令隐式使用这个函数用于到主机(控制台)输出，因为Out-Default是 PowerShell 在幕后调用的特殊命令，用于处理到主机的输出(即，既不捕获也不通过管道传递也不重定向的输出).
All commands implicitly use this function for to-host (console) output, because Out-Default is a special command that PowerShell calls behind the scenes for handling to-host output (that is, for output that is neither captured nor piped nor redirected).
因此，一旦定义了函数，只需调用 Get-ChildItem(别名为 dir)，例如，应该产生全为空/空白的输出已删除.
Therefore, once the function has been defined, simply calling Get-ChildItem (which is aliased to dir), for instance, should produce output with all empty/blanks removed.
请注意，捕获/管道/重定向输出不受到影响，这是理想的.
Note that capturing / piping / redirecting output is not affected, as is desirable.
警告:如前所述，Out-Default 仅影响 to-host 输出，不影响其他格式化系统的行为-based Out-* cmdlet，如果需要，您必须单独重新定义.
Caveat: As stated, Out-Default only affects to-host output, not also the behavior of other formatting system-based Out-* cmdlets, which you'd have to redefine separately, if desired.
值得注意的是，重新定义的Out-Default不会影响Out-File 及其有效别名>/>> - 请参阅底部以了解执行相同剥离的自定义 Out-File 实现空行.
Notably, a redefined Out-Default does not affect Out-File and its effective aliases > / >> - see the bottom section for a custom Out-File implementation that performs the same stripping of blank lines.
顺便说一句:PowerShell 带有默认的 Out-Default 命令，作为 cmdlet 实现.虽然您可以直接调用Out-Default(无论是默认实现还是自定义实现)，但没有理由这样做，应该避免这样做 - 请参阅这个答案.
As an aside:
PowerShell comes with a default Out-Default command, implemented as a cmdlet.
While you can call Out-Default directly (whether the default implementation or a custom one), there is no reason to, and doing so should be avoided - see this answer.
正如 Compo 指出的那样，您可以使用相同的技术特别，对于给定的命令；例如:
As Compo points out, you can use the same technique ad hoc, for a given command; e.g.:
Get-ChildItem | Out-String -Stream | Where { $_.Trim().Length -gt 0 }
但是，请注意 - 与 Out-Default 方法不同 - 这种技术适合仅用于显示，因为您输出字符串表示而不是原始对象(如果您要通过管道传输到Write-Host，您将完全绕过(成功)输出流).
Note, however, that - unlike the Out-Default approach - this technique is suitable for display only, because you're then outputting string representations rather than the original objects (and if you were to pipe to Write-Host, you would bypass the (success) output stream altogether).
自定义 Out-File 函数，也可以去除空行/空白行，也由 >/>> 调用>:
Custom Out-File function that also strips empty/blank lines and is also called by > / >>:
注意:
这个函数比自定义的
Out-Default函数更复杂，因为它需要支持与原始cmdlet相同的参数.
This function is more complex than the custom
Out-Defaultfunction, because it needs to support the same parameters as the original cmdlet.
它会明显慢比原来的Out-File/>/>>，它不支持常见的 -Confirm 和 -WhatIf 参数(它们很少与 Out-File 一起使用，但是).
It will be noticeably slower than the original Out-File / > / >>, and it doesn't support the common -Confirm and -WhatIf parameters (which are rarely used with Out-File, however).
如下所示，该函数专为在 PowerShell [Core] v6+ 中使用而设计 - 请参阅源代码中的注释，了解如何(轻松)使其适应 WindowsPowerShell.
As printed below, the function is designed for use in PowerShell [Core] v6+ - see the comments in the source code for how to (easily) adapt it to Windows PowerShell.
# Note: Supports neither -Confirm nor -WhatIf
function Out-File {
[CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = 'ByPath', HelpUri = 'https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=2096621')]
param(
[Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'ByPath', Mandatory, Position = 0)]
[Alias('Path')]
[string] $FilePath,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'ByLiteralPath', Mandatory, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName)]
[Alias('PSPath', 'LP')]
[string]
$LiteralPath,
[Parameter(Position = 1)]
# Note: This validation set is for PowerShell *Core* (v6+).
# For Windows PowerShell support, comment out the the next line and uncomment the one after.
[ValidateSet('ascii','bigendianutf32','unicode','utf8','utf8NoBOM','bigendianunicode','oem','utf7','utf8BOM','utf32')]
# [ValidateSet('default', 'ascii','bigendianutf32','unicode','utf8','bigendianunicode','oem','utf7','utf32')]
[string] $Encoding,
[switch] $Append,
[switch] $Force,
[Alias('NoOverwrite')]
[switch] $NoClobber,
[ValidateRange(2, 2147483647)]
[int] $Width,
[switch] $NoNewline,
[Parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
[psobject] $InputObject
)
$null = $PSBoundParameters.Remove('InputObject')
$Input | Out-String -Stream | Where-Object { $_.Trim().Length -gt 0 } |
Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility\Out-File @PSBoundParameters
}
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