nosql 是什么意思?有人可以用简单的话向我解释一下吗? [英] What nosql means? can someone explain it to me in simple words?

问题描述

在这篇文章堆栈溢出架构中，我读到了一个叫做 nosql 的东西，我不明白这是什么意思，我试图在谷歌上搜索但接缝我无法确切地得到它.

in this post Stack Overflow Architecture i read about something called nosql, i didn't understand what it means, and i tried to search on google but seams that i can't get exactly whats it.

谁能用简单的话解释一下 nosql 是什么意思?

Can anyone explain what nosql means in simple words?

推荐答案

如果您曾经使用过数据库，那么您可能使用过关系数据库.例如 Access 数据库、SQL Server 或 MySQL.当您考虑此类数据库中的表格时，您通常会想到网格，例如 Excel.您必须为数据库表的每一列命名，并且必须指定该列中的所有值是否都是整数、字符串等.最后，当您想在该表中查找信息时，您必须使用一种称为SQL.

If you've ever worked with a database, you've probably worked with a relational database. Examples would be an Access database, SQL Server, or MySQL. When you think about tables in these kinds of databases, you generally think of a grid, like in Excel. You have to name each column of your database table, and you have to specify whether all the values in that column are integers, strings, etc. Finally, when you want to look up information in that table, you have to use a language called SQL.

围绕非关系型数据库正在形成一种新趋势，即不属于整齐网格的数据库.您不必指定哪些内容是整数、字符串和布尔值等.这些类型的数据库更灵活，但它们不使用 SQL，因为它们的结构不是那样的.

A new trend is forming around non-relational databases, that is, databases that do not fall into a neat grid. You don't have to specify which things are integers and strings and booleans, etc. These types of databases are more flexible, but they don't use SQL, because they are not structured that way.

简单地说，这就是为什么它们是NoSQL"数据库.

Put simply, that is why they are "NoSQL" databases.

使用 NoSQL 数据库的优势在于您不必提前确切地知道您的数据会是什么样子.也许您有一个 Contacts 表，但您不知道要存储关于每个联系人的哪种信息.在关系数据库中，您需要创建名称"和地址"等列.如果您稍后发现需要电话号码，则必须为此添加一列.在 NoSQL 数据库中不需要这种规划/结构.也有潜在的扩展优势，但这有点争议，所以我不会在那里做任何声明.

The advantage of using a NoSQL database is that you don't have to know exactly what your data will look like ahead of time. Perhaps you have a Contacts table, but you don't know what kind of information you'll want to store about each contact. In a relational database, you need to make columns like "Name" and "Address". If you find out later on that you need a phone number, you have to add a column for that. There's no need for this kind of planning/structuring in a NoSQL database. There are also potential scaling advantages, but that is a bit controversial, so I won't make any claims there.

NoSQL 数据库的缺点真的是缺少 SQL.SQL 简单且无处不在.SQL 允许您更轻松地对数据进行切片和切块以获取聚合结果，而在 NoSQL 数据库中则稍微复杂一些(您可能会使用 MapReduce 之类的东西，这需要一定的学习曲线).

Disadvantages of NoSQL databases is really the lack of SQL. SQL is simple and ubiquitous. SQL allows you to slice and dice your data easier to get aggregate results, whereas it's a bit more complicated in NoSQL databases (you'll probably use things like MapReduce, for which there is a bit of a learning curve).

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