在网络 URL 上调用函数 cvCreateFileCapture 时，有时会发生分段错误 [英] A segmentation fault sometimes occurs when the function cvCreateFileCapture is invoked on network URL
本文介绍了在网络 URL 上调用函数 cvCreateFileCapture 时，有时会发生分段错误的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
有时使用网络 URL 作为参数调用函数 cvCreateFileCapture 时会发生分段错误，例如:rtsp://IPaddress:Port/Path...
A segmentation fault occurs when the function cvCreateFileCapture is sometimes invoked using a network URL as argument, for esample: rtsp://IPaddress:Port/Path...
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
...
CvCapture* capture = cvCreateFileCapture("rtsp://...");
...
return a.exec();
}
如果参数是磁盘上的文件，则不会出错.
No error occur if the argument is a file on disk.
我在调试模式下构建源代码，当发生分段错误时，会列出以下堆栈跟踪:
I build the source code in debug mode and I when the segmentation fault has occurred, the following stack trace is listed:
gst_caps_unref
CvCapture_GStreamer::open(int, char const*)
cvCreateCapture_GStreamer(int, char const*)
cvCreateFileCapture
main
UPDATE.如果我创建一个Plain C++ 项目，对函数cvCreateFileCapture 的调用总是会导致分段错误.相反，如果我创建了一个 Qt Gui Application 项目，则会随机发生分段错误.
UPDATE. If I create a Plain C++ Project, the call to the function cvCreateFileCapture always results in a segmentation fault. If, instead, I create a Qt Gui Application project, the segmentation fault occurs randomly.
VALGRIND 的输出
==3160== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==3160== Copyright (C) 2002-2011, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==3160== Using Valgrind-3.7.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==3160== Command: ./Calibration 15 8 5 http://root:root@192.168.1.51/axis-cgi/mjpg/video.cgi
==3160==
--3160-- WARNING: Serious error when reading debug info
--3160-- When reading debug info from /usr/lib/nvidia-331/libGL.so.331.20:
--3160-- Can't make sense of .data section mapping
--3160-- WARNING: Serious error when reading debug info
--3160-- When reading debug info from /usr/lib/nvidia-331/libnvidia-glcore.so.331.20:
--3160-- Can't make sense of .got section mapping
==3160== Invalid read of size 4
==3160== at 0x74444A2: ??? (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x7446B09: FcConfigFilename (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x745B1EB: FcConfigParseAndLoad (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x7450065: FcInitLoadConfig (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x7450188: FcInitLoadConfigAndFonts (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x745040C: FcInit (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x585B608: ??? (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libQtGui.so.4.8.1)
==3160== by 0x57DCC0B: QApplicationPrivate::construct(_XDisplay*, unsigned long, unsigned long) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libQtGui.so.4.8.1)
==3160== by 0x7E014E7: ???
==3160== Address 0xaaa898c is 20 bytes inside a block of size 22 alloc'd
==3160== at 0x402BE68: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)
==3160== by 0x7444407: ??? (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x7446B09: FcConfigFilename (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x745B1EB: FcConfigParseAndLoad (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x7450065: FcInitLoadConfig (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x7450188: FcInitLoadConfigAndFonts (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x745040C: FcInit (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1.4.4)
==3160== by 0x585B608: ??? (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libQtGui.so.4.8.1)
==3160== by 0x57DCC0B: QApplicationPrivate::construct(_XDisplay*, unsigned long, unsigned long) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libQtGui.so.4.8.1)
==3160== by 0x7E014E7: ???
==3160==
==3160==
==3160== ---- Attach to debugger ? --- [Return/N/n/Y/y/C/c] ---- Y
==3160== starting debugger with cmd: /usr/bin/gdb -nw /proc/3163/fd/1024 3163
GNU gdb (Ubuntu/Linaro 7.4-2012.04-0ubuntu2.1) 7.4-2012.04
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "i686-linux-gnu".
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://bugs.launchpad.net/gdb-linaro/>...
Reading symbols from /proc/3163/fd/1024...done.
Attaching to program: /proc/3163/fd/1024, process 3163
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Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_core-x86-linux.so
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[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
done.
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done.
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done.
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Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libicudata.so.48
Failed to read a valid object file image from memory.
0x074444a2 in ?? () from /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1
(gdb)
推荐答案
函数 cvCreateFileCapture 时发生分段错误有时使用网络 URL 作为参数调用，如果参数是磁盘上的文件.
A segmentation fault occurs when the function cvCreateFileCapture is sometimes invoked using a network URL as argument, No error occur if the argument is a file on disk.
根据问题的症状，您的程序遇到了某种内存损坏.在所有网络 URL 流执行正在做某事的概率(溢出/覆盖内存)如果您使用网络 URL，看起来您可以重现此问题.但是请不要假设如果 URL 是磁盘上的文件(本地)，它就没有任何问题.腐败也有可能以这种方式发生，只是这种影响正在延迟.内存损坏问题很难调试，如果不对我们的程序进行广泛的分析，就没有简单的步骤来识别它们.
By symptom of the problem, your program experiencing some sort of memory corruption. In all probability the network URL flow execution is doing something(overflow/overwriting of memory) and it looks like you are able to reproduce this problem if you user network URL. However please don’t assume that if URL is a file on disk(locally), it does not have any problem. There could be possibility that corruption is happening in this way as well, it just that effect is getting delayed. Memory corruption problems are so hard to debug and there is no easy steps to identify them without performing extensive analysis of our program.
查看堆栈跟踪，几乎不可能找出导致此问题的根本原因，因为这些分段错误是程序在早期执行中所做的真正错误的后果.
Looking at the stack trace, it would be almost impossible to find out the what could be the root cause of this as these segmentation fault would be after effect of something real bad done by program in early execution.
识别这些内存损坏的最佳方法是使用一些动态工具以及调试器(Windows 上的WinDBG/PageHeap).从您的问题(分段错误)来看，您可能正在 Linux 平台上运行.所以你可能想在 Valgrind/GDB 中附加你的程序(a.out).
The best way to identify these memory corruption is to use some dynamic tools along with debugger(WinDBG/PageHeap on Windows). From your question(segmentation fault), it look like you might be running on Linux platform. So You may want to attach your program(a.out) in Valgrind/GDB.
$ valgrind --tool=memcheck --db-attach=yes ./a.out
这样，当您的第一个内存错误出现时，Valgrind 会将您的程序附加到调试器中检测到，以便您可以进行实时调试(GDB).这应该是了解和解决您的问题的最佳方式.一旦你能够找出你的第一个错误，修复它并重新运行它，看看你得到了什么其他错误.应该完成这些步骤，直到 Valgrind 没有报告错误.
This way Valgrind would attach your program in the debugger when your first memory error is detected so that you can do live debugging(GDB). This should be the best possible way to understand and resolve your problem. Once you are able to figure it out your first error, fix it and rerun it and see what are other errors you are getting.This steps should be done till no error is getting reported by Valgrind.
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