如何使用 powershell 读取 o:xml? [英] How to read o:xml with powershell?

问题描述

我有以下 xml 文件，但不知道如何使用 Powershell 读取它，有人可以帮忙吗?谢谢！

I have following xml file but don't know how to read it with Powershell, Anyone can help with? Thanks!

我需要从 Powershell 获取 url 值.

I need to get the url value from Powershell.

<o:OfficeConfig xmlns:o="urn:xxx:xxx:xxx">
<o:services>
<o:service o:name="xxxx">
<o:url>https://xxx.xxx</o:url>
</o:service>
</o:services>
</o:OfficeConfig>

提前致谢！

推荐答案

您可以利用 PowerShell 方便、基于属性的优势 XML DOM 的改编 本质上忽略 命名空间，允许您通过不合格的元素名称简单地深入到感兴趣的元素:

You can take advantage of the fact that PowerShell's convenient, property-based adaptation of the XML DOM essentially ignores namespaces, allowing to you simply drill down to the element of interest by the unqualified element names:

([xml] (Get-Content -Raw file.xml)).OfficeConfig.services.service.url

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相比之下，基于 XPath 的 Select-Xml cmdlet 是 命名空间感知，因此需要显式命名空间处理 - 或通过 local-name() 函数的解决方法，如Mathias R. Jessen 的回答中显示.

---

By contrast, the XPath-based Select-Xml cmdlet is namespace-aware, and therefore requires explicit namespace handling - or a workaround via the local-name() function, as shown in Mathias R. Jessen's answer.

如果您想使用正确的命名空间处理 - 这最终会更健壮，但并非总是必要的 - 请使用以下内容:

If you want to use proper namespace handling - which is ultimately more robust, but not always necessary - use the following:

(
  Select-Xml '//o:url' file.xml -Namespace @{ o='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office' }
).Node.InnerText

• 注意需要传递一个哈希表 (@{ ... }) 来声明所使用的命名空间前缀和 URL，这是能够使用前缀 (o:，在本例中)在 XPath 查询中.

  • Note the need to pass a hashtable (@{ ... }) that declares the namespace prefixes and URLs used, which is the prerequisite for being able to use the prefixes (o:, in this case) in the XPath query.

    • 前缀名称不需要与原始名称匹配，只要它们与 -Namespace 参数一致并映射到原始 URL 即可.
    • The prefix names need not match the ones in the original, as long as they're consistent with the -Namespace argument and are mapped to the original URLs.

    Select-Xml 返回匹配的 System.Xml.XmlNode 实例，所以需要 .Node 访问后者，和 .InnerText 然后返回节点的文本内容.

    Select-Xml returns wrapper objects around the matched System.Xml.XmlNode instances, so .Node is required to access the latter, and .InnerText then returns the node's text content.

    • 顺便说一句:这种需要访问 .Node 是不方便的，因为典型的用例是只关心 XmlNode；GitHub 建议 #13669 旨在通过
      减轻痛苦-Raw 开关，直接返回 XmlNode 实例.
    • As an aside: This need to access .Node is inconvenient, as the typical use case is to care about the XmlNode only; GitHub suggestion #13669 seeks to ease the pain via a
      -Raw switch that returs the XmlNode instances directly.

    这篇关于如何使用 powershell 读取 o:xml?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！