Paramiko AuthenticationException 问题 [英] Paramiko AuthenticationException issue

问题描述

我在使用 Paramiko(版本 1.7.6-2)ssh 客户端连接到设备时遇到问题:

I am having a problem connecting to a device with a Paramiko (version 1.7.6-2) ssh client:

$ python
Python 2.6.5 (r265:79063, Apr 16 2010, 13:09:56) 
[GCC 4.4.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import paramiko
>>> ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
>>> ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
>>> ssh.connect("123.0.0.1", username="root", password=None)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/paramiko/client.py", line 327, in connect
    self._auth(username, password, pkey, key_filenames, allow_agent, look_for_keys)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/paramiko/client.py", line 481, in _auth
    raise saved_exception
paramiko.AuthenticationException: Authentication failed.
>>> 

当我从命令行使用 ssh 时，它工作正常:

When I use ssh from the command line, it works fine:

ssh root@123.0.0.1


BusyBox v1.12.1 (2010-11-03 13:18:46 EDT) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

# 

有人见过这个吗?

编辑 1

这是 ssh 命令的详细输出:

Here is the verbose output of the ssh command:

:~$ ssh -v root@123.0.0.1
OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu4, OpenSSL 0.9.8k 25 Mar 2009
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 123.0.0.1 [123.0.0.1] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/waffleman/.ssh/identity type -1
debug1: identity file /home/waffleman/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/waffleman/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.1
debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.1 pat OpenSSH*
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu4
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY
debug1: Host '123.0.0.1' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/waffleman/.ssh/known_hosts:3
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentication succeeded (none).
debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]
debug1: Requesting [e-mail]
debug1: Entering interactive session.
debug1: Sending environment.
debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.utf8

编辑 2这是带有调试输出的 python 输出:

Edit 2 Here is the python output with debug output:

Python 2.6.5 (r265:79063, Apr 16 2010, 13:09:56) 
[GCC 4.4.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import paramiko, os
>>> paramiko.common.logging.basicConfig(level=paramiko.common.DEBUG)
>>> ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
>>> ssh.load_system_host_keys()
>>> ssh.load_host_keys(os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/known_hosts'))
>>> ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
>>> ssh.connect("123.0.0.1", username='root', password=None)
DEBUG:paramiko.transport:starting thread (client mode): 0x928756cL
INFO:paramiko.transport:Connected (version 2.0, client OpenSSH_5.1)
DEBUG:paramiko.transport:kex algos:['diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256', 'diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1', 'diffie-hellman-group14-sha1', 'diffie-hellman-group1-sha1'] server key:['ssh-rsa', 'ssh-dss'] client encrypt:['aes128-cbc', '3des-cbc', 'blowfish-cbc', 'cast128-cbc', 'arcfour128', 'arcfour256', 'arcfour', 'aes192-cbc', 'aes256-cbc', '[e-mail]', 'aes128-ctr', 'aes192-ctr', 'aes256-ctr'] server encrypt:['aes128-cbc', '3des-cbc', 'blowfish-cbc', 'cast128-cbc', 'arcfour128', 'arcfour256', 'arcfour', 'aes192-cbc', 'aes256-cbc', '[e-mail]', 'aes128-ctr', 'aes192-ctr', 'aes256-ctr'] client mac:['hmac-md5', 'hmac-sha1', '[e-mail]', 'hmac-ripemd160', '[e-mail]', 'hmac-sha1-96', 'hmac-md5-96'] server mac:['hmac-md5', 'hmac-sha1', '[e-mail]', 'hmac-ripemd160', '[e-mail]', 'hmac-sha1-96', 'hmac-md5-96'] client compress:['none', '[e-mail]'] server compress:['none', '[e-mail]'] client lang:[''] server lang:[''] kex follows?False
DEBUG:paramiko.transport:Ciphers agreed: local=aes128-ctr, remote=aes128-ctr
DEBUG:paramiko.transport:using kex diffie-hellman-group1-sha1; server key type ssh-rsa; cipher: local aes128-ctr, remote aes128-ctr; mac: local hmac-sha1, remote hmac-sha1; compression: local none, remote none
DEBUG:paramiko.transport:Switch to new keys ...
DEBUG:paramiko.transport:Trying discovered key b945197b1de1207d9aa0663f01888c3c in /home/waffleman/.ssh/id_rsa
DEBUG:paramiko.transport:userauth is OK
INFO:paramiko.transport:Authentication (publickey) failed.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/paramiko/client.py", line 327, in connect
    self._auth(username, password, pkey, key_filenames, allow_agent, look_for_keys)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/paramiko/client.py", line 481, in _auth
    raise saved_exception
paramiko.AuthenticationException: Authentication failed.
>>> 

推荐答案

远程设备上的 ssh 服务器拒绝了您的身份验证.确保您使用正确的密钥，公钥存在于 authorized_keys、.ssh 目录权限正确、authorized_keys 权限正确，并且设备没有任何其他访问限制.如果没有来自服务器的日志，很难说发生了什么.

The ssh server on the remote device denied your authentication. Make sure you're using the correct key, the public key is present in authorized_keys, .ssh directory permissions are correct, authorized_keys permissions are correct, and the device doesn't have any other access restrictions. It hard to say what's going on without logs from the server.

我刚刚回顾了您的输出，您正在使用 None 身份验证进行身份验证.这通常是不允许的，用于确定服务器允许哪些身份验证方法.您的服务器可能正在使用基于主机的身份验证(或根本没有！).

I just looked back through your output, you are authenticating using None authentication. This usually isn't ever permitted, and is used to determine what auth methods are allowed by the server. It's possible your server is using host based authentication (or none at all!).

由于 auth_none() 很少使用，因此无法从 SSHClient 类访问，因此您需要直接使用 Transport.

Since auth_none() is rarely used, it's not accessible from the SSHClient class, so you will need to use Transport directly.

transport.auth_none('root') 

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