`importlib` 未使用/识别路径 [英] `importlib` not utilising/recognising path

问题描述

我试图在运行我的主要 python 脚本时使用较小的 setup.py 脚本导入模块.但是 importlib 命令:importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(name, location) 似乎没有检测到我的小 python 脚本.大概我没有正确填写 name 或 location 字段.

I am trying to import modules while running my main python script, using a smaller setup.py script. However the importlib command: importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(name, location) doesn't appear to be detecting my small python script. Presumably I'm not filling in the name or location fields correctly.

示例脚本 A (setup.py):

import os
import pandas as pd

print("success!") # So I can see it has run.

示例脚本 B (my_script.py):

import importlib

setup_path = ("/home/solebay/My Project Name/")
start_up_script = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("setup.py", setup_path)
module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(start_up_script)

运行上面的代码片段返回:

Running the above snippet returns:

AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'

我随后通过运行 type(start_up_script) 进行了调查，它给出的结果是 typeNone.

I subsequently investigated by running type(start_up_script) the result it gives is typeNone.

路径正确.我通过运行以下命令验证了这一点:

The paths are correct. I verified this by running the following:

"/home/solebay/My Project Name/"
sudo python3 "/home/solebay/My Project Name/setup.py"

这些分别打印了消息is a directory和success!.

These printed the messages is a directory and success! respectively.

注意:Maurice Meyer 成功回答了我的主要问题，所以我已将其标记为正确.然而，我还没有达到我的主要目标；即通过另一个脚本导入模块.因此，如果这是您的目标，那么这个问题可能不适合您.

Note: Maurice Meyer succeeded in answering my main question, and so I have marked it as correct. However, I have not achieved my main goal; namely importing modules via another script. So if that is your aim, this question might not be appropriate for you.

推荐答案

传递给 spec_from_file_location 的 location 参数必须是 python 脚本的完整路径:

The location argument passed to spec_from_file_location has to be the full path to the python script:

import importlib.util
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(
    name='something__else',  # name is not related to the file, it's the module name!
    location='/tmp/solebay/My Project Name/setup.py'  # full path to the script
)
my_mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
spec.loader.exec_module(my_mod)
print(my_mod)

出:

success!
<module 'something__else' from '/tmp/solebay/My Project Name/setup.py'>

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