动态、个性化的 Web 应用程序的最佳响应时间是多少? [英] What is considered a good response time for a dynamic, personalized web application?

问题描述

对于包含动态内容和个性化的复杂 Web 应用程序，服务器的良好响应时间是多少(因此不包括网络延迟和浏览器呈现时间)?我在考虑 Facebook、Amazon、MyYahoo 等网站.一个相关的问题是什么是后端服务的良好响应时间?

For a complex web application that includes dynamic content and personalization, what is a good response time from the server (so excluding network latency and browser rendering time)? I'm thinking about sites like Facebook, Amazon, MyYahoo, etc. A related question is what is a good response time for a backend service?

推荐答案

对此有大量的研究.这是快速摘要.

There's a great deal of research on this. Here's a quick summary.

由 Jakob Nielsen 于 1993 年 1 月 1 日

Response Times: The 3 Important Limits

by Jakob Nielsen on January 1, 1993

总结:在优化网络和应用程序性能时，需要牢记 3 个主要时间限制(由人类感知能力决定).

Summary: There are 3 main time limits (which are determined by human perceptual abilities) to keep in mind when optimizing web and application performance.

摘自我 1993 年出版的可用性工程一书中第 5 章:

Excerpt from Chapter 5 in my book Usability Engineering, from 1993:

关于响应时间的基本建议已经有三十年了 [Miller 1968;卡等人.1991]:

The basic advice regarding response times has been about the same for thirty years [Miller 1968; Card et al. 1991]:

• 0.1 秒大约是让用户感觉系统立即做出反应的极限，这意味着除了显示结果外，不需要任何特殊反馈.立>
• 1.0 秒 大约是用户的思维流保持不被中断的极限，即使用户会注意到延迟.正常情况下，延迟大于 0.1 秒但小于 1.0 秒时不需要特殊反馈，但用户确实会失去直接对数据进行操作的感觉.
• 10 秒 大约是让用户的注意力专注于对话的极限.对于更长的延迟，用户将希望在等待计算机完成的同时执行其他任务，因此应向他们提供反馈，指示计算机预计何时完成.如果响应时间可能变化很大，那么延迟期间的反馈尤其重要，因为用户将不知道会发生什么.

• 0.1 second is about the limit for having the user feel that the system is reacting instantaneously, meaning that no special feedback is necessary except to display the result.
• 1.0 second is about the limit for the user's flow of thought to stay uninterrupted, even though the user will notice the delay. Normally, no special feedback is necessary during delays of more than 0.1 but less than 1.0 second, but the user does lose the feeling of operating directly on the data.
• 10 seconds is about the limit for keeping the user's attention focused on the dialogue. For longer delays, users will want to perform other tasks while waiting for the computer to finish, so they should be given feedback indicating when the computer expects to be done. Feedback during the delay is especially important if the response time is likely to be highly variable, since users will then not know what to expect.

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