Perl 套接字发送哈希 [英] Perl socket sending hash

问题描述

我正在尝试在 Perl 中创建一个套接字客户端.服务器端是一个运行在本地主机上的C程序.

I am trying to create a socket client in Perl. The server side is a C program running on the local host.

我必须通过套接字发送一个哈希值.这是我正在使用的一段代码.

I have to send a hash over the socket. Here is the piece of code I am using.

sub applyGlobalConfig {
    my ($globalConfig, $ignoreData) = @_;

    my $socket = IO::Socket::INET->new(PeerAddr => $PEER_HOST,
                                       PeerPort => $PEER_PORT,
                                       Proto    => "tcp",
                                       Type     => SOCK_STREAM)
          or die "Couldn't connect to $PEER_HOST:$PEER_PORT : $@\n";

    my $reconfigResult;

    print $socket "$113\n";

    close($socket);

    unless ($reconfigResult) {
        return 0;
    }

    return ERR_NULL;
}

现在，我的问题是，$globalConfig 将包含一个散列引用，我想通过套接字发送它.我无法弄清楚.我用谷歌搜索并找到了一些对 Dumper 的参考，但不太明白.如何发送散列?

Now, the question I have is, the $globalConfig will contain a hash reference, and I want to send this over a socket. I am unable figure out. I googled and found some reference to Dumper but couldn’t understand much. How do I send the hash over?

推荐答案

我更喜欢使用 Storable 模块.示例:

I'd prefer to use Storable module for this. Example:

接收端:

use strict;
use IO::Socket::INET;
use Storable;
use Data::Dumper;

my   $sock = IO::Socket::INET->new(Listen    => 5, LocalAddr => 'host',
                                 LocalPort => 9000,  Proto     => 'tcp');
while( my $s = $sock->accept ) {
    my $struct = Storable::fd_retrieve($s);
    print Dumper($struct);
}

发送端:

use strict;
use IO::Socket::INET;
use Storable;

my   $sock = IO::Socket::INET->new(PeerAddr => 'host',  PeerPort => 9000,
                 Type     => SOCK_STREAM, Proto     => 'tcp') || die "Fail: $!";
my $struct = {
    a => 1,
    b => [2,3,4]
};
Storable::nstore_fd($struct, $sock);

通过从 i386 Linux 发送到 amd64 FreeBSD 进行测试.

Tested by sending from i386 Linux to amd64 FreeBSD.

您也可以使用 Data::Dumper 从哈希中生成字符串，然后通过网络发送，但它的方法又脏又臭.

Also you can use Data::Dumper to make string from hash and then send over network but its dirty and buggy method.

UPD:

但是，我正在努力如何将 perl 端的哈希值转换为由空格分隔的字符串.

But, I am struggling how to convert the values in the hash on perl side to a string separated by space.

尝试使用 join/map 组合:

Try to use join/map combination:

my $serialized = join("\n", map { "$_ ".$struct->{$_} } keys %$struct)."\n";

可能在 C 端更容易使用以空字符结尾的字符串:

Probably on C side its easier to use null-terminated string:

my $keyvalue_count = scalar keys(%$struct);
my $serialized = join("\0", map { "$_\0".$struct->{$_} } keys %$struct)."\0";

在这个简单的例子中，我更喜欢使用最后一个变体，因为它是 C 原生的.

In this simple case i'd prefer to use last variant since its native to C.

这篇关于Perl 套接字发送哈希的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！