PowerShell 中定义的默认别名在哪里? [英] Where are the default aliases defined in PowerShell?

问题描述

这可能是一个愚蠢的问题，但默认别名(例如 cd)是在 PowerShell 中硬编码还是在某个隐藏的配置文件"脚本中定义?

This may be a stupid question, but are the default aliases (e.g. cd) hardcoded in PowerShell or defined in a hidden "profile" script somewhere?

我没有设置任何配置文件(每个用户或系统范围)，所以我只是想知道默认配置文件来自哪里.

I don't have any profiles set (per-user or system-wide) so I'm just wondering where the default ones come from.

推荐答案

它们是内置"的，但不是一成不变的.注意:

They are "built in" but not immutable. Note:

PS > (Get-Alias dir).Options全范围PS > (Get-Alias gci).Options只读，AllScope

PS >  (Get-Alias dir).Options
AllScope
PS >  (Get-Alias gci).Options
ReadOnly, AllScope

PS > 获取别名 |组选项
PS >  Get-Alias | group Options
计数名称组----- ---- -----91 ReadOnly, AllScope {%, ?, ac, asnp...}46 AllScope {cat, cd, chdir, clear...}
Count Name                      Group
----- ----                      -----
   91 ReadOnly, AllScope        {%, ?, ac, asnp...}
   46 AllScope                  {cat, cd, chdir, clear...}

如您所见，ReadOnly 选项对别名进行了一些分区.ReadOnly 在 PowerShell 中是惯用的，而可变的用于熟悉其他 shell 的人.我见过有人修改 dir 以添加更多功能，同时将 gci 作为 Get-ChildItem 的直接别名.
As you can see, there is some partitioning of aliases by the ReadOnly option. The ReadOnly ones are idiomatic in PowerShell, while the mutable ones are for people familiar with other shells. I've seen people modify dir to add more functionality, while keeping gci as a straight alias to Get-ChildItem. 
为了广泛的兼容性，我只在我的脚本中使用 ReadOnly 别名.
For broad compatability, I only use the ReadOnly aliases in my scripts.
此外，因为 CMD 中的 dir、UNIX 中的 ls 和 PowerShell 中的 gci 都以自己的方式工作，所以我训练自己使用本机命令，而不是别名.dir 往往适用于任何地方，但 dir -Recurse 不适用！
Also, because dir in CMD, ls in UNIX, and gci in PowerShell each work in their own way, I train myself to use the native command, and not an alias. dir tends to work everywhere, but dir -Recurse does not!
作为训练练习，并测试我的脚本的兼容性，我有时会删除非ReadOnly 别名:
As a training exercise, and to test my scripts for compatibility, I sometimes remove the non-ReadOnly aliases:
Get-Alias | ? { ! ($_.Options -match "ReadOnly") } | % { Remove-Item alias:$_ }

有一种更温和的方法，您可以将每个别名替换为一个新命令，该命令会警告您正在使用兼容别名之一，但可以让您继续运行.
There's a more gentle approach where you replace each alias with a new command that warns you that you're using one of the compatibility aliases, but lets you keep functioning.
此外，如果您真的愿意，您可以更改 ReadOnly 别名，但由于上述原因，我建议您不要这样做:
Also, you can change the ReadOnly aliases if you really want to, but for the above reasons I'd recommend against it:
PS > Set-Alias -Name sl -Value Get-ChildItem -Force -Option AllScope # BAD！PS > sl

PS >  Set-Alias -Name sl -Value Get-ChildItem -Force -Option AllScope     # BAD!
PS >  sl

目录:C:\Users\Jay
Directory: C:\Users\Jay
模式 LastWriteTime 长度名称---- ------------- ------ ----
Mode                LastWriteTime     Length Name
----                -------------     ------ ----


                        
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