项目管理和过程管理的区别 [英] difference between project management and process management

问题描述

项目管理和流程管理有什么区别?

What is the difference between project management and process management?

推荐答案

流程与项目的定义特征是可重复性与唯一性.

• 流程是旨在实现某个目标的相互关联的任务的重复集合.

• Process is a repetitive collection of interrelated tasks aimed at achieving a certain goal.

项目是一项独特的努力，有始有终以实现目标.

Project is a unique endeavour with a beginning and an end undertaken to achieve a goal.

流程管理强调提高任务的可重复性"、效率(减少所需时间、降低成本)、提高质量(包括质量的一致性).

Process management has emphasis on increasing "repeatability" of the tasks, efficiency (descreasing time needed, reducing cost), increasing quality (including consistency in quality).

项目管理强调完成任务，实现最终结果.更高的效率更难实现，因为它可能需要自定义工具和方法，只有在项目变成重复过程时才能开发这些工具和方法.

Project management has emphasis on getting the thing done, achieving the end result. Higher efficiency is harder to achieve since it might require custom tools and methods that can only be developed if the project was turned into a repetitive process.

应用于软件开发，每天构建是一个过程:

• 这是一系列针对最终结果的任务.

• It's a sequence of tasks aimed at end result.

序列是重复的.

任务一开始就知道，因为这个过程是重复的.

Tasks are known on the outset, since the process is repetitive.

在管理日常构建时，我们希望它们便宜、快速且始终符合质量标准，在大多数情况下，最好通过提高自动化程度来实现.

When managing daily builds we want them to be cheap, fast and consistently meet quality standards, in most cases this is best achieved through increased automation.

设计新功能是一个项目:

• 该功能是独一无二的，一旦我们设计了它，我们就不会再设计它.也许是第二版，但它会是一个不同的努力.

• The feature is unique, once we've designed it we won't be designing it again. Maybe version two, but its going to be a different endeavour.

在某些时候，我们需要停止设计功能(即使它远非完美)，最好提前规定我们如何知道我们已经达到了那个点.

At some point we need to stop designing the feature (even when its far from perfect) and it is best if we stipulate in advance how do we know that we've reached that point.

我们不太关心设计是通过最有效的步骤序列实现的，而是真正在最后提出一个足够好的设计.

We're not as much concerned with that the design is achieved though the most efficient sequence of steps, as with actually coming up with a sufficiently good design at the end.

因此，进入设计的任务序列将难以自动化，我们需要专注于保持界限、重新评估标准、针对新发现的事实进行调整，并总体上将整个事情推向完成.

Hence the sequence of tasks that goes into design will be hard to automate and we need to concentrate on keeping the bounds, re-evaluating criterias, adjusting for newly discovered facts and generally moving the entire thing towards completion.

根据新发现的事实，我们必须不断地从越来越多的可能任务中进行选择，并挑选出那些将使我们更接近目标的任务.

We have to constantly select from an increasing number of possible tasks that come up in the light of newly discovered facts and pick these that will take us closer to the goal.

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