阴影内置名称“函数"和“模块"使用 PyCharm [英] Shadows built-in names "function" and "module" with PyCharm

问题描述

我有以下 Python 代码:

I have the following Python code:

function = "Developer"
module = "something"
print(function + " on " + module)

在 PyCharm 2017 中，我有一个气泡，上面写着PyCharm 的阴影内置名称函数"/模块".

With PyCharm 2017, I have a bubble which says "Shadows built-in names "function"/"module" with PyCharm".

我很惊讶，因为函数"和模块"不是内置名称.它们也不是关键字:

I’m surprised because "function" and "module" are not built-in names. They are not keywords either:

import __builtin__
import keyword

assert "function" not in dir(__builtin__)  # -> OK
assert "module" not in dir(__builtin__)    # -> OK
assert "function" not in keyword.kwlist    # -> OK
assert "module" not in keyword.kwlist      # -> OK

怎么了?

我使用的是 CPython 2.7，但在使用 3.5 和 3.5 时遇到同样的问题3.6.

I’m using CPython 2.7, but have the same trouble with 3.5 & 3.6.

__builtin__ 现在是 Python 3 中的 builtin.

__builtin__ is now builtins in Python 3.

推荐答案

function is "defined" in builtins.pyi:

function is "defined" in builtins.pyi:

class function:
    # TODO not defined in builtins!   
    __name__ = ...  # type: str
    __qualname__ = ...  # type: str
    __module__ = ...  # type: str
    __code__ = ...  # type: Any
    __annotations__ = ...  # type: Dict[str, Any] 

请记住，我使用了已定义"与已定义.看看这个荒谬之处:

Keep in mind I used "defined" vs defined. Check out this absurdity:

foo = function

加注

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "main.py", line 117, in <module>
    foo = function
NameError: name 'function' is not defined

然而，如果你执行 function = 'a'，IDE 会抱怨(如你所见)这掩盖了一个内置名称(即使 function 显然不是实际上已定义).

Yet if you do function = 'a' the IDE will complain (as you noticed) that this shadows a built-in name (even though function is clearly not actually defined).

使用 module 重复确切的行为.

The exact behavior repeats with module.

这是因为(据我所知，如果我错了，请任何人纠正我)pyi 文件仅用于提供类型提示(如 PEP-484 建议).

This is because (as far as I understand, anyone please correct me if I'm wrong) pyi files are only there to provide type hints (as PEP-484 suggests).

所以，我不确定这个警告是 Pycharm 的 linter 中的错误(也许它不应该查看 .pyi 文件中的定义")还是预期的行为.

So, I'm not sure if this warning is a bug in Pycharm's linter (perhaps it should not be looking at "definitions" in .pyi files) or an intended behavior.

无论如何，module 和 function 可能都不是好的变量名.

Either way, module and function are probably not good variable names anyway.

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