如何让 USB 控制器/游戏手柄与 python 一起工作 [英] How to get USB controller/gamepad to work with python

问题描述

我有一个 USB 控制器，我正在尝试从 Microsoft® SideWinder® Plug & 中获取输入.玩游戏垫.我在试图弄清楚如何正确接收其输入时遇到了困难.不幸的是，我不能使用 pygame，因为它需要一个窗口来接收输入，但我必须生成一个 pyglet 窗口(通过 PsychoPy)来运行我的程序.使用 pygame 它可以连接并显示按钮的状态，但是如果不创建窗口就无法接收输入.我尝试寻找其他库，但我遇到的只是输入，它与我的控制器不兼容(安装后未检测到设备).控制器本身可以正常工作，因为我已经使用在线游戏手柄测试仪对其进行了测试.PsychoPy 的操纵杆 API 目前已损坏且无法工作，因此也没有运气.

I have a USB controller that I'm trying to get inputs from, a Microsoft® SideWinder® Plug & Play Game Pad. I'm having difficulties trying to figure out how to receive its inputs correctly. Unfortunately, I cannot use pygame as it requires a window to receive inputs from, but I have to generate a pyglet window (via PsychoPy) to run my program. With pygame it can connect and show the state of buttons, but it cannot receive inputs without creating a window. I tried looking for other libraries, but all I encountered was Inputs, which isn't compatible with my controller (doesn't detect the device after installing). The controller itself works as I've tested it with an online gamepad tester. PsychoPy's joystick API is currently broken and does not work, so no luck there either.

我真的希望有人就如何从我的控制器/游戏手柄接收输入到我的程序中提出建议?

I was really hoping anyone had advice on how to receive inputs from my controller/gamepad into my program?

推荐答案

对于 Windows，您可以使用 WINMM.dll 直接.

For windows you can use the WINMM.dll directly.

使用 ctypes 库加载 dll(请参阅 加载共享库.使用ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE 为函数创建原型:

Use the ctypes library to load the dll (see Loading shared libraries. Use ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE to create prototypes for the function:

• joyGetNumDevs

joyGetDevCapsW

joyGetPosEx

import ctypes

winmmdll = ctypes.WinDLL('winmm.dll')

# [joyGetNumDevs](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/joystickapi/nf-joystickapi-joygetnumdevs)
"""
UINT joyGetNumDevs();
"""
joyGetNumDevs_proto = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_uint)
joyGetNumDevs_func  = joyGetNumDevs_proto(("joyGetNumDevs", winmmdll))

# [joyGetDevCaps](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/joystickapi/nf-joystickapi-joygetdevcaps)
"""
MMRESULT joyGetDevCaps(UINT uJoyID, LPJOYCAPS pjc, UINT cbjc);

32 bit: joyGetDevCapsA
64 bit: joyGetDevCapsW

sizeof(JOYCAPS): 728
"""
joyGetDevCaps_proto = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_uint, ctypes.c_uint, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_uint)
joyGetDevCaps_param = (1, "uJoyID", 0), (1, "pjc", None), (1, "cbjc", 0)
joyGetDevCaps_func  = joyGetDevCaps_proto(("joyGetDevCapsW", winmmdll), joyGetDevCaps_param)

# [joyGetPosEx](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/joystickapi/nf-joystickapi-joygetposex)
"""
MMRESULT joyGetPosEx(UINT uJoyID, LPJOYINFOEX pji);
sizeof(JOYINFOEX): 52
"""
joyGetPosEx_proto = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_uint, ctypes.c_uint, ctypes.c_void_p)
joyGetPosEx_param = (1, "uJoyID", 0), (1, "pji", None)
joyGetPosEx_func  = joyGetPosEx_proto(("joyGetPosEx", winmmdll), joyGetPosEx_param)

创建委托给DLL的python函数joyGetNumDevs、joyGetDevCaps和joyGetPosEx.并为类型创建类 JOYCAPS 分别为 JOYINFOEX:

Create the python function joyGetNumDevs, joyGetDevCaps and joyGetPosEx which delegate to the DLL. And create classes for the types JOYCAPS respectively JOYINFOEX:

# joystickapi - joyGetNumDevs
def joyGetNumDevs():
    try:
        num = joyGetNumDevs_func()
    except:
        num = 0
    return num

# joystickapi - joyGetDevCaps
def joyGetDevCaps(uJoyID):
    try:
        buffer = (ctypes.c_ubyte * JOYCAPS.SIZE_W)()
        p1 = ctypes.c_uint(uJoyID)
        p2 = ctypes.cast(buffer, ctypes.c_void_p)
        p3 = ctypes.c_uint(JOYCAPS.SIZE_W)
        ret_val = joyGetDevCaps_func(p1, p2, p3)
        ret = (False, None) if ret_val != JOYERR_NOERROR else (True, JOYCAPS(buffer))   
    except:
        ret = False, None
    return ret 

# joystickapi - joyGetPosEx
def joyGetPosEx(uJoyID):
    try:
        buffer = (ctypes.c_uint32 * (JOYINFOEX.SIZE // 4))()
        buffer[0] = JOYINFOEX.SIZE
        buffer[1] = JOY_RETURNALL
        p1 = ctypes.c_uint(uJoyID)
        p2 = ctypes.cast(buffer, ctypes.c_void_p)
        ret_val = joyGetPosEx_func(p1, p2)
        ret = (False, None) if ret_val != JOYERR_NOERROR else (True, JOYINFOEX(buffer))   
    except:
        ret = False, None
    return ret 

JOYERR_NOERROR = 0
JOY_RETURNX = 0x00000001
JOY_RETURNY = 0x00000002
JOY_RETURNZ = 0x00000004
JOY_RETURNR = 0x00000008
JOY_RETURNU = 0x00000010
JOY_RETURNV = 0x00000020
JOY_RETURNPOV = 0x00000040
JOY_RETURNBUTTONS = 0x00000080
JOY_RETURNRAWDATA = 0x00000100
JOY_RETURNPOVCTS = 0x00000200
JOY_RETURNCENTERED = 0x00000400
JOY_USEDEADZONE = 0x00000800
JOY_RETURNALL = (JOY_RETURNX | JOY_RETURNY | JOY_RETURNZ | \
                 JOY_RETURNR | JOY_RETURNU | JOY_RETURNV | \
                 JOY_RETURNPOV | JOY_RETURNBUTTONS)

# joystickapi - JOYCAPS
class JOYCAPS:
    SIZE_W = 728
    OFFSET_V = 4 + 32*2
    def __init__(self, buffer):
        ushort_array = (ctypes.c_uint16 * 2).from_buffer(buffer)
        self.wMid, self.wPid = ushort_array  

        wchar_array = (ctypes.c_wchar * 32).from_buffer(buffer, 4)
        self.szPname = ctypes.cast(wchar_array, ctypes.c_wchar_p).value

        uint_array = (ctypes.c_uint32 * 19).from_buffer(buffer, JOYCAPS.OFFSET_V) 
        self.wXmin, self.wXmax, self.wYmin, self.wYmax, self.wZmin, self.wZmax, \
        self.wNumButtons, self.wPeriodMin, self.wPeriodMax, \
        self.wRmin, self.wRmax, self.wUmin, self.wUmax, self.wVmin, self.wVmax, \
        self.wCaps, self.wMaxAxes, self.wNumAxes, self.wMaxButtons = uint_array

# joystickapi - JOYINFOEX
class JOYINFOEX:
  SIZE = 52
  def __init__(self, buffer):
      uint_array = (ctypes.c_uint32 * (JOYINFOEX.SIZE // 4)).from_buffer(buffer) 
      self.dwSize, self.dwFlags, \
      self.dwXpos, self.dwYpos, self.dwZpos, self.dwRpos, self.dwUpos, self.dwVpos, \
      self.dwButtons, self.dwButtonNumber, self.dwPOV, self.dwReserved1, self.dwReserved2 = uint_array

查看简单的例子来测试api:

See the simple example to test the api:

import joystickapi
import msvcrt
import time

print("start")

num = joystickapi.joyGetNumDevs()
ret, caps, startinfo = False, None, None
for id in range(num):
    ret, caps = joystickapi.joyGetDevCaps(id)
    if ret:
        print("gamepad detected: " + caps.szPname)
        ret, startinfo = joystickapi.joyGetPosEx(id)
        break
else:
    print("no gamepad detected")

run = ret
while run:
    time.sleep(0.1)
    if msvcrt.kbhit() and msvcrt.getch() == chr(27).encode(): # detect ESC
        run = False

    ret, info = joystickapi.joyGetPosEx(id)
    if ret:
        btns = [(1 << i) & info.dwButtons != 0 for i in range(caps.wNumButtons)]
        axisXYZ = [info.dwXpos-startinfo.dwXpos, info.dwYpos-startinfo.dwYpos, info.dwZpos-startinfo.dwZpos]
        axisRUV = [info.dwRpos-startinfo.dwRpos, info.dwUpos-startinfo.dwUpos, info.dwVpos-startinfo.dwVpos]
        if info.dwButtons:
            print("buttons: ", btns)
        if any([abs(v) > 10 for v in axisXYZ]):
            print("axis:", axisXYZ)
        if any([abs(v) > 10 for v in axisRUV]):
            print("roation axis:", axisRUV)

print("end")

<小时>

GitHub 存储库中提供了 api 绑定和示例 python_windows_joystickapi

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