在 Pytest 中使用本地导入 [英] Using local imports in Pytest

问题描述

我从来没有真正完全理解如何在 Python 中处理包，我现在遇到了问题.但是谷歌搜索似乎没有帮助，因为我觉得这个话题真的很混乱.

I have never really fully understood how packages are handled in Python and I'm having a problem with that right now. But googling doesn't seem to help as I find the topic really confusing.

我有一个采用这种结构的项目:

I have a project with this structure:

project_name/
    src/
        main.py
        utils/
            string_utils.py
    tests/
        test_string_utils.py

我正在使用 Pytest 进行单元测试，目前在test_string_utils.py"文件中我有以下内容:

I am using Pytest for running unit testing and currently inside the "test_string_utils.py" file I have the following:

from ..src.utils.string_utils import StringUtilsClass

但是我转到文件夹project_name"并尝试使用此命令中的任何一个运行测试时出现错误:

But I go to the folder "project_name" and try to run tests with any of this command I get errors:

$ pytest tests/

ValueError: 尝试在顶级包之外进行相对导入

ValueError: attempted relative import beyond top-level package

我知道 python 的 -m 参数，但似乎运行pytest -m"有完全不同的行为.

I know about the -m argument for python, but it seems that running "pytest -m" has a completely different behavior.

我该如何解决这个问题?我是否使用了错误的文件夹架构?我不认为我正在构建的应该是一个 pip 包(这将简化导入)

How can I solve this? Am I using the wrong folder architecture? I don't think what I'm building should be a pip package (which would simplify imports)

推荐答案

您是否尝试过:from src.utils.string_utils import StringUtilsClass 而 .. before src?或 from string_utils import StringUtilsClass

did you try : from src.utils.string_utils import StringUtilsClass without .. before src? or from string_utils import StringUtilsClass

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