用户在python中输入 [英] User input in python

问题描述

我正在编写一个脚本，它为用户提供了很多可供选择的选项，例如

I am working on a script which provides the user a lot of options to choose from, e.g

选择功能选项

1. A - 做 A(描述)
2. B - 做 B(描述)
3. C - 做 C(描述)
4. D - 做 D(描述)

(如果选择 A)选择 A 子功能

1. A1 - 做 A1(描述)
2. A2 - 做 A2(描述)
3. A3 - 做 A3(描述)

(如果选择 B)选择 B 子功能

1. B1 - 做 B1(描述)
2. B2 - 做 B2(描述)
3. B3 - 做 B3(描述)

等等...

每个选项可供选择，并根据选择，python程序将继续.请注意在每个选项之前我提供了一个print

Each option is available for the option to choose and based on the choice, the python program will proceed. Please note before each option I provide a print

  print ''' Enter Directory 
  1. Current Working Directory 
  2. CHoose other folder'''

然后我使用 raw_input 来接受用户输入，在这种情况下，这基本上意味着对用户的大量提示(和凌乱的代码).我怀疑这可能不是最好的设计.

Then I use raw_input to accept user inputs, which basically in this case means a lot of prompts for the user (and messy code) . I suspect this might not be the best design .

我的问题是我做对了还是有我错过的替代方法?

My question is am I doing it correctly or is there an alternative approach which I have missed out?

推荐答案

一种选择(哈！)是将选项的结构存储在一个变量中.

One option (ha!) is to store the structure of the options in a variable.

例如，(在您的脑海中)将菜单"定义为包含这些值的某些子集的字典:

For example, (in your mind) define "a menu" as a dict which contains some subset of these values:

• 问题" - 这是显示菜单时要问的问题 - 选择 B 子功能"
• 描述" - 这是您选择进入此菜单的选项 - 例如，对于选择 B 子选项"，这将是B" - 您选择在这里获得的答案.第一个菜单没有这个.
• 子选项" - 这是此处的菜单列表.
• "code" - 如果它存在，而不是显示此菜单，而是运行此代码.

对于你上面给出的例子

def function_for_A1():
    print "You chose A1!"

menus={"question":"Choose function Options","answers":[
          {"description":"A","question":"Choose A Subfunctions","answers":[
              {"description":"A1","code":function_for_A1},
              {"description":"A2","code":function_for_A2},
          ]},
          {"description":"B","question":"Choose B Subfunctions","answers":[
              {"description":"B1","code":function_for_A1},
              {"description":"B2","question":"B2 sub-suboption","answers":[...]},
          ]},
}

一旦你有了这个结构，给定当前菜单，显示它就相当容易 - 运行代码(如果存在)，否则显示问题，并为每个答案显示一个数字和描述".一旦他们选择了一个数字，找到菜单，清洗，冲洗，重复.你可以让菜单函数递归，所以如果他们选择0 - back"，那么你从当前函数返回.

Once you have this structure, given the current menu, displaying it is fairly easy - run the code (if it exists), otherwise display the question, and for each of the answers display a number and the "description". Once they select a number, find the menu, wash, rince, repeat. You could make the menu function recursive, so if they select "0 - back", then you return from the current function.

完成！

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