查询字符串的 URL 部分是问号吗? [英] Is question mark in URL part of query string?

问题描述

TL;TR:是查询的 URL 部分中的(第一个)问号还是只是一个分隔符后跟查询?

RFC 1738，第 3.3 节建议?"(问号) 不是查询字符串的一部分，只是将它与路径分开:

http://:/?

RFC 3986 附录 A. 中的语法，也指出?"不是实际查询字符串的一部分:

URI = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?"查询] [#"片段]

现在，让我们考虑两个 URL:

1. http://server.com/api/item.json
2. http://server.com/api/item.json?

它们是等效的还是不同的?

区分它们并用于识别两种不同的资源是否有效?

解决方案

tl;dr:

• ? 不是查询组件的一部分.
• URI 不等价，因为一个具有没有查询组件，而另一个具有空查询组件.

<小时>

URI 标准(STD 66)目前是 RFC 3986.

第 6.2.比较阶梯 描述了如何测试 URI 是否可能等效的方法.

在 6.2.3 中.基于方案的规范化它说:

<块引用>

当相关组件为空时，规范化不应删除分隔符，除非方案规范许可这样做.例如，不能假定 URI http://example.com/? 等同于上述任何示例.

以上示例"指的是:

<块引用>

http://example.comhttp://example.com/http://example.com:/http://example.com:80/

(这 4 个 URI 是等效的.)

所以 http://example.com/api/item.json 没有查询组件，而 http://example.com/api/item.json? 有一个空的查询组件.

TL;TR: Is (first) question mark in URL part of query or is is just a separator followed by query?

The RFC 1738, section 3.3, suggests that the "?" (question mark) is not part of the query string, but just separates it from the path:

http://<host>:<port>/<path>?<searchpart>

Grammar presented in the RFC 3986, Appendix A., also indicate the "?" is not part of the actual query string:

URI = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]

Now, let's consider two URLs:

1. http://server.com/api/item.json
2. http://server.com/api/item.json?

Are they equivalent or distinct?

Is it valid to distinguish them and use to identify two different resources?

解决方案

tl;dr:

• The ? is not part of the query component.
• The URIs are not equivalent, because one has no query component, while the other one has an empty query component.

---

The URI standard (STD 66) is currently RFC 3986.

Section 6.2. Comparison Ladder describes methods how to test if URIs are possibly equivalent.

In 6.2.3. Scheme-Based Normalization it says:

Normalization should not remove delimiters when their associated component is empty unless licensed to do so by the scheme specification. For example, the URI http://example.com/? cannot be assumed to be equivalent to any of the examples above.

Where "examples above" refers to:

http://example.com
http://example.com/
http://example.com:/
http://example.com:80/

(These 4 URIs are equivalent.)

So http://example.com/api/item.json has no query component, while http://example.com/api/item.json? has an empty query component.

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