在R中将十进制转换为二进制? [英] Converting decimal to binary in R?

问题描述

在 R 中将数字转换为基数 2(在字符串中，例如 5 将转换为 "0000000000000101")的最简单方法是什么?有 intToBits，但它返回一个字符串向量而不是一个字符串:

What would be the easiest way to convert a number to base 2 (in a string, as for example 5 would be converted to "0000000000000101") in R? There is intToBits, but it returns a vector of strings rather than a string:

> intToBits(12)
 [1] 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
[26] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

我尝试了一些其他功能，但没有成功:

I have tried some other functions, but had no success:

> toString(intToBits(12))
[1] "00, 00, 01, 01, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00, 00"

推荐答案

请注意 intToBits() 返回原始"向量，而不是字符向量(字符串).请注意，我的答案是 @nico 的原始答案 的轻微扩展，它从每个位中删除了前导0":

Note that intToBits() returns a 'raw' vector, not a character vector (strings). Note that my answer is a slight extension of @nico's original answer that removes the leading "0" from each bit:

paste(sapply(strsplit(paste(rev(intToBits(12))),""),`[[`,2),collapse="")
[1] "00000000000000000000000000001100"

为了清楚起见，分解步骤:

To break down the steps, for clarity:

# bit pattern for the 32-bit integer '12'
x <- intToBits(12)
# reverse so smallest bit is first (little endian)
x <- rev(x)
# convert to character
x <- as.character(x)
# Extract only the second element (remove leading "0" from each bit)
x <- sapply(strsplit(x, "", fixed = TRUE), `[`, 2)
# Concatenate all bits into one string
x <- paste(x, collapse = "")
x
# [1] "00000000000000000000000000001100"

或者，如 @nico 所示，我们可以使用 as.integer() 作为从每个位中删除前导零的更简洁的方法.

Or, as @nico showed, we can use as.integer() as a more concise way to remove the leading zero from each bit.

x <- rev(intToBits(12))
x <- paste(as.integer(x), collapse = "")
# [1] "00000000000000000000000000001100"

为了方便复制粘贴，这里是上面的函数版本:

Just for copy-paste convenience, here's a function version of the above:

dec2bin <- function(x) paste(as.integer(rev(intToBits(x))), collapse = "")

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