如何在没有 Rails 的情况下测试 ActiveRecord? [英] How to test ActiveRecord witout Rails?

问题描述

我有一个项目，我使用 ActiveRecord 在 sqlite db 文件中存储信息.我没有使用 Rails，而 AR 似乎完美地完成了这项工作.我的问题是如何在不影响数据库的情况下测试我的课程?我发现了一些可以解决问题的 gem(FactoryGirl、UnitRecord)，但它们旨在与 Rails 配合使用.

I have a project in which I use ActiveRecord to store information in a sqlite db file. I'm not using Rails and AR seems to do the job perfectly. My question is how exactly to test my classes witout hitting the db? I found some gems that would to the trick (FactoryGirl, UnitRecord), but they are meant to work with Rails.

class News < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :feed

def delete_old_news_if_necessary
  # time_limit = Settings::time_limit
  return if time_limit.zero?

  News.destroy_all("date < #{time_limit}")
end

def delete_news_for_feed(feed_id)
  News.destroy_all(:id => feed_id)
end

def news_for_feed(feed_id)
  News.find(feed_id)
end
end

我读到我可以做一个列存根:

I read that i can do a column stub:

Column = ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::Column
News.stubs(:columns).returns([Column.new(),...])

这是进行这些测试的正确方法吗?另外，什么时候最好有一个单独的数据库用于测试并创建它，运行测试，然后删除它?

Is this the right way to do these tests? Also, when is it better to have a separate db just for testing and to create it, run the tests, and the delete it?

推荐答案

如果你想避免在测试中遇到数据库，我可以推荐 摩卡 宝石.它既可以存根，也可以让您定义期望.

If you want to avoid hitting the db in tests I can recommend the mocha gem. It does stubs as well as it lets you define expectations.

关于何时最好使用测试数据库的问题:我想说，只要没有理由反对它.:)

Regarding your question on when it is better to use a test db: I would say, whenever there is no reason against it. :)

例如，您可以在测试中像这样模拟 News.find:

For example, you can mock News.find like this in a test:

def news_for_feed_test
  # define your expectations:
  news = News.new
  News.expects(:find).with(1).returns(news)
  # call the method to be tested:
  News.new.news_for_feed(1)
end

同时确保 find 被调用一次.Mocha 可以为您做更多的事情.看看文档.顺便说一句，你的这些方法看起来应该是类方法，不是吗?

At the same time this makes sure, find gets called exactly once. There are a lot more things Mocha can do for you. Take a look at the documentation. Btw., it looks like these methods of yours should be class methods, no?

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