模拟外部 API [英] Mocking an external API

问题描述

我是测试策略和模拟的新手，我很难弄清楚如何模拟对外部服务的调用.我确定这很容易让我错过，我只是不知道究竟是什么.

I'm new to testing strategies and mocking, and I'm having a tough time figuring out how to mock a call to an external service. I'm sure it's something easy I'm missing, I just don't know what exactly.

我使用 Braintree gem 通过 Braintree 网关对订阅服务收费，我想在我的 UserController 的 create 方法中模拟 Customer create 方法和 Subscription create 方法.

I'm using the Braintree gem to charge for subscription services through the Braintree gateway, and I wanted to mock the Customer create method and Subscription create method in my UserController's create method.

Customer.create 方法如下所示:

A Customer.create method looks something like this:

  result = Braintree::Customer.create(
    :first_name => @creditcard.first_name,
    :last_name => @creditcard.last_name,
    :email => @user.email
    :credit_card => {
      ...
      }
    }
  )

这将返回一个 Braintree::Successful 结果对象，带有处理结果的属性.

This returns a Braintree::Successful result object, with the attributes of the processed result.

我想我必须这样做:

Braintree::Customer.expects(:create).returns(...)

但是退货区域会发生什么?我是否需要使用伪造的处理结果的属性创建自己的模拟成功对象，还是有更简单的方法来完成所有这些工作?

But what goes in the returns area? Do I need to create my own mocked up Successful object with the attributes of a faked processed result, or is there an easier way to do all of that?

感谢您提供的任何帮助.

Thanks for any help you can provide.

推荐答案

你可以按照评论中的建议返回一个 OpenStruct 或者一个 stub 或 mock，恕我直言，这对测试来说更好，更有用，因为您可以轻松设置期望值，如下所示:

You can return an OpenStruct as suggested in the comment or a stub or mock, which is IMHO better and more useful for tests, because you can easily set expectations, like this:

Braintree::Customer.expects(:create).returns(mock(:save => true))

返回的模拟将期望 save 消息(在这种情况下可能没有意义，但应该给你一个想法).

The returned mock will expect the save message (which may not make sense in this case, but should give you the idea).

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