动态 SQL Server 2005 枢轴 [英] Dynamic SQL Server 2005 Pivot

问题描述

我已经研究出如何在 SQL Server 2005 中使用 PIVOT 从表中透视一行，但是，我不喜欢这种方法，因为我不得不对列(货币代码)进行硬编码，并且我想要 Pivot动态选择列.

例如，假设您有下表(称为 OrderCash):

<块引用>

OrderID CAD CHF EUR GBP JPY NOK USD40 0 0 128.6 552.25 -9232 0 -476241 0 0 250.2 552.25 -9232 0 -476242 233.23 0 552.25 -9232 0 0 -4762

硬编码的 Pivot 语句是:

SELECT OrderID,CurrCode + 'GBP CURNCY' 作为股票代码，现金作为头寸从(选择订单 ID，加元，瑞士法郎，欧元，英镑，日元，不，美元从订单现金) p转轴(Cash FOR CurrCode IN(加元、瑞士法郎、欧元、英镑、日元、挪威克朗、美元)) 作为 unpvt现金在哪里！= 0订单 ID = 42

这将返回以下必需的表:

OrderID 代码位置42 CADGBP 货币 233.2342 欧元货币 552.2542 GBPGBP 货币 -923242 美元英镑货币 -4762

当有人告诉我需要将澳元作为表中的新货币时，问题又出现了?

仅供参考，我有一个表值函数，它将所有列名作为表返回:

ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[GetTableColumnNames](@TableName NVARCHAR(250),@StartFromColumnNum INT)返回@ReturnTable 表(列名 NVARCHAR(250))作为开始插入@ReturnTable从 information_schema.columns 中选择 COLUMN_NAMEWHERE TABLE_NAME = @TableNameAND ORDINAL_POSITION >= @StartFromColumnNum按 ORDINAL_POSITION 排序返回结尾

所以简单的部分已经完成 (SELECT * FROM dbo.GetTableColumnNames('OrderCash',2))，我遇到的问题是将带有列名的这个动态"表插入到数据透视表中?

任何帮助将不胜感激.非常感谢伯蒂.

解决方案

我最近做了太多这样的动态查询......(我的专栏按客户逐月移动).这是一种方法——不测试，不调试，可能有一些错误需要解决:

DECLARE@Command nvarchar(max),@ColumnList nvarchar(max),@OrderId 整数,@调试位-- 建立一个以逗号分隔的列列表SELECT @ColumnList = isnull(@ColumnLIst + ',', , '') + ColName从 dbo.GetTableColumnNames('OrderCash', 2)-- 在查询中的两个位置插入列列表SET @Command = 替换('选择订单 ID，CurrCode + ‘‘GBP CURNCY’‘ 作为股票代码，现金作为头寸从(选择订单 ID，<@ColumnList>从订单现金) p转轴(Cash FOR CurrCode IN(<@ColumnList>)) 作为 unpvt现金在哪里！= 0和 OrderID = @OrderId', '<@ColumnList>', @ColumnList)- 总是包括这样的东西！如果@Debug = 1打印@命令-- 在 EXECUTE (@Command) 上使用 sp_executeSQL 允许您执行-- 通过参数传递计划重用(这是您可能需要的部分-- 稍微调试一下，但它会起作用)EXECUTE sp_executeSQL @Command, N'@OrderId int', @OrderId

I have worked out how to pivot a row from a table using PIVOT in SQL Server 2005, however, I dont like the method as I have had to hard code the columns (Currency Codes) and I would like to have the Pivot select the columns dynamically.

As an Example, imagine you have the following table (called OrderCash):

OrderID   CAD     CHF     EUR     GBP     JPY     NOK     USD
40        0       0       128.6   552.25  -9232   0       -4762
41        0       0       250.2   552.25  -9232   0       -4762
42        233.23  0       552.25  -9232   0       0       -4762

The hard-coded Pivot statement is:

SELECT  OrderID,
        CurrCode + 'GBP CURNCY' AS Ticker,
        Cash AS Position
FROM
(
    SELECT OrderID,
        CAD,
        CHF,
        EUR,
        GBP,
        JPY,
        NOK,
        USD
    FROM OrderCash
) p
UNPIVOT
(
    Cash FOR CurrCode IN 
    (CAD, CHF, EUR, GBP, JPY, NOK, USD)
) AS unpvt
WHERE Cash != 0
And OrderID = 42

This would return the following required table:

OrderID   Ticker           Position
42        CADGBP CURNCY    233.23
42        EURGBP CURNCY    552.25
42        GBPGBP CURNCY    -9232
42        USDGBP CURNCY    -4762

The problem arrises further down the road when someone tells me I need to have AUD as a new currency in the table?

FYI, I have a table-valued function that returns all the column names as a table:

ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[GetTableColumnNames]
        (
        @TableName NVARCHAR(250),
        @StartFromColumnNum INT
        )

    RETURNS @ReturnTable TABLE
        (
        ColName NVARCHAR(250)
        )
AS

BEGIN
    INSERT INTO @ReturnTable
        SELECT COLUMN_NAME from information_schema.columns
        WHERE TABLE_NAME = @TableName
            AND ORDINAL_POSITION >= @StartFromColumnNum
        ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION

    RETURN
END 

So the easy bit has been done (SELECT * FROM dbo.GetTableColumnNames('OrderCash',2)), the problem I am having is inserting this 'dynamic' table with the column names into the Pivot?

Any help would be much appreciated. Many thanks Bertie.

解决方案

I've done a few too many of these dynamic queries of late... (my columns shift by client by month). Here's one way to do it--no testing, no debugging, there might be a few bugs to iron out:

DECLARE
  @Command     nvarchar(max)
 ,@ColumnList  nvarchar(max)
 ,@OrderId     int
 ,@Debug       bit


--  Build a comman-delimited list of the columns
SELECT @ColumnList = isnull(@ColumnLIst + ',', , '') + ColName
 from dbo.GetTableColumnNames('OrderCash', 2)


--  Insert the list of columns in two places in your query
SET @Command = replace('
SELECT  OrderID, 
        CurrCode + ‘‘GBP CURNCY’‘ AS Ticker, 
        Cash AS Position 
FROM 
( 
    SELECT OrderID, <@ColumnList>
    FROM OrderCash 
) p 
UNPIVOT 
( 
    Cash FOR CurrCode IN  
    (<@ColumnList>) 
) AS unpvt 
WHERE Cash != 0 
And OrderID = @OrderId
', '<@ColumnList>', @ColumnList)


--  Always include something like this!
IF @Debug = 1
    PRINT @Command

--  Using sp_executeSQL over EXECUTE (@Command) allows you execution
--  plan resuse with parameter passing (this is the part you may need
--  to debug on a bit, but it will work)
EXECUTE sp_executeSQL @Command, N'@OrderId int', @OrderId

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