T-SQL 连接以获取配对和非配对的开始和停止记录 [英] T-SQL join to get both mated and non mated start and stop records

问题描述

我有一个设计不佳的表，我没有设计它并且无法修复/更改，因为一个 3rd 方黑莓应用程序会写入它.关键是有一个开始记录和一个停止记录，用于在没有连接或验证匹配的情况下跟踪事件.黑莓应用程序不会将这些记录联系在一起.我试图在其自身上创建一个连接，并创建带有开始和结束的临时表，以完全外部连接它们.问题是我有重复的条目，应该将条目标记为没有伴侣.现有数据在开始和结束记录上都有没有配对的行.我已经搜索了 SO 的答案，我找到了一些接近的答案，这些答案使我走到了这一步.我知道这是一个很长的帖子，抱歉.

I have a poorly designed table that I did not design and cannot fix/change because a 3rd party blackberry app that writes to it. The meat is that there is a start record and a stop record for tracking events with NO connection or validation that there is a match. The blackberry app does nothing to tie these records together. I have tried to create a join on its self and create temp tables with the begin and one with the end to full outer join them. The problem is that I have duplicate entries were the entry should be marked as having no mate. Existing data has rows with no mate on both the start and end records. I have searched SO for answers and I found some close answers that have led me this far. I know its a long post, sorry for that.

有一个单个表，令人惊讶的是它有一个主键.没有枢轴/交集表.结构是

There is a single table that surprisingly has a primary key. There is no pivot/intersection table. Structure is

ID (int PK)
activityType varchar
beginEnd varchar ('begin' or 'end')
businessKey varchar nullable
date DATETIME
technician varchar

以下列也在表中，但可以为空，并且对查询不重要.

The following columns are in the table as well, but are nullable, and not important to the query.

dateSubmitted DATETIME
gpsLatitude float
gpsLongitude float
note varchar
odometer int

<小时>

我现在的查询仍然留下欺骗:显示和排序 ID 和 EndID 仅用于调试

---

The query that I have now that still leaves dupes: Showing and sorting ID and EndID are for debugging only

DECLARE @DateFrom DATETIME
DECLARE @DateTo DATETIME
SET @DateFrom='20101101'
SET @DateTo='20101102'
DECLARE @Incomplete VARCHAR(15)
SET @Incomplete = 'Incomplete'

DECLARE @StartEvents TABLE
(
[id] [numeric](19, 0) NOT NULL,
[activityType] [varchar](255) NOT NULL,
[beginEnd] [varchar](255) NULL,
[businessKey] [varchar](255) NULL,
[date] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[dateSubmitted] [datetime] NULL,
[gpsLatitude] [float] NULL,
[gpsLongitude] [float] NULL,
[note] [varchar](255) NULL,
[odometer] [int] NULL,
[technician] [varchar](255) NOT NULL
)

INSERT     @StartEvents
       ([ID],[activityType],[beginEnd],[businessKey],[date],[dateSubmitted],[gpsLatitude]
            ,[gpsLongitude],[note],[odometer],[technician])
SELECT      *
FROM        dbo.TimeEntry
WHERE 
[date] between @DateFrom AND @DateTo
AND beginEnd = 'Begin'
--AND [technician] = 'FRED'
ORDER by technician
------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @EndEvents TABLE
(
[id] [numeric](19, 0) NOT NULL,
[activityType] [varchar](255) NOT NULL,
[beginEnd] [varchar](255) NULL,
[businessKey] [varchar](255) NULL,
[date] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[dateSubmitted] [datetime] NULL,
[gpsLatitude] [float] NULL,
[gpsLongitude] [float] NULL,
[note] [varchar](255) NULL,
[odometer] [int] NULL,
[technician] [varchar](255) NOT NULL
)

INSERT     @EndEvents
       ([ID],[activityType],[beginEnd],[businessKey],[date],[dateSubmitted],[gpsLatitude]
            ,[gpsLongitude],[note],[odometer],[technician])
SELECT      *
FROM        dbo.TimeEntry
WHERE 
[date] between @DateFrom AND @DateTo AND
beginEnd = 'End'
--AND [technician] = 'FRED'
ORDER by technician

-- And then a conventional SELECT
SELECT     
StartEvents.id 
,EndEvents.id AS EndID
,COALESCE(
    StartEvents.activityType ,EndEvents.activityType ,'Not Available'
    ) AS ActivityType
--,StartEvents.beginEnd as [Begin] 
--,EndEvents.beginEnd AS [End]
,COALESCE (
    convert(VARCHAR(12), StartEvents.[date], 103), 
    convert(VARCHAR(12), EndEvents.[date], 103), @Incomplete
    ) as [Event Date] 
,COALESCE (
    convert(VARCHAR(12), EndEvents.[date], 103), @Incomplete 
    ) as [End Date] 
,COALESCE(
    CONVERT(VARCHAR(5) , StartEvents.dateSubmitted , 108) , @Incomplete
        ) AS StartTime
,COALESCE(
    CONVERT(VARCHAR(5) , EndEvents.dateSubmitted , 108) , @Incomplete
        ) AS EndTime
,COALESCE(
    StartEvents.note, EndEvents.note, ''
    ) as [Note]
,COALESCE(
    StartEvents.technician,EndEvents.technician,'Not Available'
    ) AS Technician 

FROM         
@StartEvents As StartEvents 

FULL OUTER JOIN

@EndEvents AS EndEvents ON 
StartEvents.technician = EndEvents.technician AND 
StartEvents.businessKey = EndEvents.businessKey AND 
StartEvents.activityType = EndEvents.activityType 
AND convert(VARCHAR(12), StartEvents.[date], 103) = convert(VARCHAR(12), EndEvents.[date], 103) 

-- WHERE 
    --StartEvents.[date] between @DateFrom AND @DateTo OR 
    --StartEvents.[dateSubmitted] between @DateFrom AND @DateTo 
ORDER BY 
    StartEvents.Technician,
    ID,ENDID

<小时>

数据:

id,activityType,beginEnd,businessKey,date,dateSubmitted,gpsLatitude,gpsLongitude,note,odometer,technician
23569,Standby,Begin,,2010-11-01 08:00:13.000,2010-11-01 08:26:45.533,34.139,-77.895,#1140,28766,[e-mail]
23570,Travel,Begin,00100228002,2010-11-01 07:00:44.000,2010-11-01 08:34:15.370,35.0634,-80.7668,,18706,[e-mail]
23571,Standby,End,,2010-11-01 08:30:08.000,2010-11-01 08:35:20.463,34.0918,-77.9002,#1140,28766,[e-mail]
23572,Travel,Begin,00100226488,2010-11-01 08:30:41.000,2010-11-01 08:36:56.420,34.0918,-77.9002,,28766,[e-mail]
23573,Travel,End,00100226488,2010-11-01 08:45:00.000,2010-11-01 08:44:15.553,34.0918,-77.9002,,28768,[e-mail]
23574,OnSite,Begin,00100226488,2010-11-01 08:45:41.000,2010-11-01 09:24:23.943,34.0918,-77.9002,,0,[e-mail]
23575,OnSite,End,00100226488,2010-11-01 09:30:10.000,2010-11-01 09:33:19.953,34.0918,-77.9002,,28768,[e-mail]
23576,Travel,Begin,00100228137,2010-11-01 09:30:20.000,2010-11-01 09:34:57.330,34.0918,-77.9002,,28768,[e-mail]
23577,Travel,End,00100228137,2010-11-01 09:45:51.000,2010-11-01 09:42:39.230,34.0918,-77.9002,,28771,[e-mail]
23578,Travel,Begin,00100228138,2010-11-01 09:00:23.000,2010-11-01 09:58:22.857,34.9827,-80.5365,,18749,[e-mail]
23579,OnSite,Begin,00100228137,2010-11-01 09:45:47.000,2010-11-01 10:41:10.563,34.139,-77.895,,0,[e-mail]
23580,OnSite,End,00100228137,2010-11-01 10:45:43.000,2010-11-01 11:09:14.393,34.139,-77.895,,28771,[e-mail]
23581,OnSite,Begin,00100228142,2010-11-01 10:45:42.000,2010-11-01 11:29:26.447,34.139,-77.895,#1015,28771,[e-mail]
23582,OnSite,End,00100228142,2010-11-01 11:15:18.000,2010-11-01 11:55:28.603,34.139,-77.895,#1015,28771,[e-mail]
23583,Travel,Begin,,2010-11-01 11:15:06.000,2010-11-01 11:56:01.633,34.139,-77.895,"#1142 Fuel, #1154 Tickets",28771,[e-mail]
23584,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 12:00:47.000,2010-11-01 12:07:54.867,34.139,-77.895,"#1154, #1142",28774,[e-mail]
23585,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 12:00:47.000,2010-11-01 12:07:55.087,34.139,-77.895,"#1154, #1142",28774,[e-mail]
23586,Break,Begin,,2010-11-01 12:00:26.000,2010-11-01 12:08:06.007,34.139,-77.895,#1153,28774,[e-mail]
23587,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 12:00:47.000,2010-11-01 12:08:06.040,34.139,-77.895,"#1154, #1142",28774,[e-mail]
23588,Break,Begin,,2010-11-01 12:00:26.000,2010-11-01 12:08:06.070,34.139,-77.895,#1153,28774,[e-mail]
23589,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 12:00:47.000,2010-11-01 12:16:02.673,34.139,-77.895,"#1154, #1142",28774,[e-mail]
23590,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 12:00:47.000,2010-11-01 12:16:14.220,34.139,-77.895,"#1154, #1142",28774,[e-mail]
23591,Travel,Begin,00100228000,2010-11-01 11:45:19.000,2010-11-01 12:35:46.363,35.0634,-80.7668,,18760,[e-mail]
23592,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:58:51.050,34.0918,-77.9002,,28774,[e-mail]
23593,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:03.830,34.0918,-77.9002,,28774,[e-mail]
23594,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:03.893,34.1594,-77.8929,,28774,[e-mail]
23595,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:03.940,34.1594,-77.8929,,28774,[e-mail]
23596,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:15.880,34.1594,-77.8929,,28774,[e-mail]
23597,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:15.927,34.2743,-77.8668,,28774,[e-mail]
23598,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:15.987,34.2743,-77.8668,,28774,[e-mail]
23599,Travel,Begin,00100228166,2010-11-01 14:00:13.000,2010-11-01 14:29:45.320,35.0634,-80.7668,,18779,[e-mail]
23600,Travel,End,00100227980,2010-11-01 15:15:58.000,2010-11-01 15:15:40.403,35.3414,-78.0325,,28880,[e-mail]
23601,Travel,Begin,00100228205,2010-11-01 15:30:46.000,2010-11-01 15:41:41.810,35.0661,-80.8376,,18781,[e-mail]
23602,OnSite,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 15:15:23.000,2010-11-01 15:59:45.203,35.3873,-77.9395,,28880,[e-mail]
23603,OnSite,End,00100227980,2010-11-01 16:15:22.000,2010-11-01 16:06:09.150,35.3873,-77.9395,,28880,[e-mail]
23604,Travel,Begin,00100228007,2010-11-01 16:15:15.000,2010-11-01 16:15:25.253,35.3873,-77.9395,,28880,[e-mail]
23605,Travel,Begin,,2010-11-01 16:15:12.000,2010-11-01 16:20:49.933,35.0445,-80.8227,Return trip home,18785,[e-mail]
23606,Travel,End,00100228007,2010-11-01 16:30:48.000,2010-11-01 16:26:43.360,35.3873,-77.9395,,28884,[e-mail]
23607,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 17:30:14.000,2010-11-01 17:23:57.897,35.2724,-81.1577,Return trip home,18822,[e-mail]
23608,OnSite,Begin,00100228007,2010-11-01 16:30:48.000,2010-11-01 18:38:32.700,35.3941,-77.994,,28880,[e-mail]
23609,Travel,Begin,00100228209,2010-11-01 17:45:16.000,2010-11-01 18:39:05.683,35.3941,-77.994,,28884,[e-mail]
23610,OnSite,End,00100228007,2010-11-01 17:45:52.000,2010-11-01 18:41:36.980,35.3941,-77.994,,28884,[e-mail]
23611,OnSite,Begin,00100228209,2010-11-01 18:00:38.000,2010-11-01 18:42:12.763,35.3941,-77.994,,28888,[e-mail]
23612,OnSite,End,00100228209,2010-11-01 18:30:44.000,2010-11-01 18:43:29.123,35.3941,-77.994,,28888,[e-mail]
23613,Standby,Begin,,2010-11-01 18:30:58.000,2010-11-01 18:45:28.857,35.3941,-77.994,#1157 ergo,28888,[e-mail]
23614,Standby,End,,2010-11-01 18:45:26.000,2010-11-01 18:46:01.167,35.3941,-77.994,#1157 ergo redo,28888,[e-mail]
23615,Travel,Begin,,2010-11-01 18:45:24.000,2010-11-01 18:47:37.803,35.3941,-77.994,RTN,28888,[e-mail]
23616,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 20:45:05.000,2010-11-01 20:34:39.433,34.139,-77.895,#1142 Fueled,28990,[e-mail]

在此图像中，您会看到突出显示的行显示 6 个结束时间，并且开始时间相同.并且记录 14 和 15 显示 2 开始和没有结束.

In this image you see that the highlighted rows are showing 6 end times with the same begin times. and records 14 and 15 show 2 begins and no ends.

推荐答案

这里是一个滥用 row_number 函数的方法.请查看评论以获取一些解释.

Here is a method which abuses the row_number function. Please check the comments for some explanation.

;with Seq as (
    -- Create a master sequence of events
    -- Trust the date column to be accurate (don't match a Begin to an earlier End)
    select id, activitytype, beginend
        , coalesce(businesskey, '') as businesskey -- Needed to match nulls as equal
        , [date], technician, note
        , row_number() over (partition by technician, businesskey, activitytype order by [date], beginend, id) as rownumber
    from TimeEntry
)
select b.id as BeginID
    , e.id as EndID
    , coalesce(b.technician, e.technician) as Technician
    , coalesce(b.businesskey, e.businesskey) as BusinessKey
    , coalesce(b.activitytype, e.activitytype) as ActivityType
    , coalesce(convert(char(10), b.[date], 103), 'Incomplete') as BeginDate
    , coalesce(convert(char(10), e.[date], 103), 'Incomplete') as EndDate
    , coalesce(convert(char(5), b.[date], 108), 'Incomplete') as BeginTime
    , coalesce(convert(char(5), e.[date], 108), 'Incomplete') as EndTime
    , b.note as BeginNote
    , e.note as EndNote
from (select * from Seq where beginend = 'Begin') b -- Get all Begins
    full outer join (select * from Seq where beginend = 'End') e -- Get all Ends
        on b.technician = e.technician
            and b.businesskey = e.businesskey
            and b.activitytype = e.activitytype
            and b.rownumber = e.rownumber - 1 -- Match a Begin with only the very next End of that type
order by coalesce(b.[date], e.[date])
    , coalesce(b.id, e.id)
    , coalesce(b.technician, e.technician)
    , coalesce(b.businesskey, e.businesskey)
    , coalesce(b.activitytype, e.activitytype)

如果有人想要 DDL 或演示，SQL Fiddle.

And the SQL Fiddle should anyone want the DDL or demo.

这篇关于T-SQL 连接以获取配对和非配对的开始和停止记录的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！