使用擦除删除 std 向量的元素对象:a) 内存处理和 b) 更好的方法? [英] deleting element objects of a std vector using erase : a) memory handling and b) better way?

问题描述

我有一个 vec_A 将 class A 的实例存储为:vec_A.push_back(A());

I have a vec_A that stores instances of class A as: vec_A.push_back(A());

我想在后期删除向量中的一些元素，有两个问题:a) 元素被删除为:vec_A.erase(iterator) 是否有任何额外的代码我需要添加以确保没有内存泄漏?.

I want to remove some elements in the vector at a later stage and have two questions: a) The element is deleted as: vec_A.erase(iterator) Is there any additional code I need to add to make sure that there is no memory leak? .

b) 假设条件 if(num <5) 是如果 num 在特定的 numberList 中.鉴于此，是否有比我在下面说明的更好的方法来删除向量的元素?

b) Assume that condition if(num <5) is if num is among a specific numberList. Given this, is there a better way to delete the elements of a vector than what I am illustrating below?

#include<vector>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>

class A {
      public:

             int getNumber();            
             A(int val);
             ~A(){};
      private:
              int num;
};

A::A(int val){
         num = val;
         };

int A::getNumber(){
    return num;
};

int main(){


    int i  =0;
    int num;
    std::vector<A> vec_A;
    std::vector<A>::iterator iter;

          for ( i = 0; i < 10; i++){
              vec_A.push_back(A(i));
          }
          iter = vec_A.begin();

          while(iter != vec_A.end()){
              std::cout <<  "\n --------------------------";
              std::cout <<  "\n Size before erase =" << vec_A.size();
              num = iter->getNumber() ;
              std::cout <<  "\n num = "<<num;
              if (num < 5){
                      vec_A.erase(iter);
                      }
              else{
                   iter++;
                   }

              std::cout <<  "\n size after erase =" << vec_A.size();
          }        


    std::cout << "\nPress RETURN to continue...";
    std::cin.get();

    return 0;
}

推荐答案

a) 该元素被删除为:vec_A.erase(iterator) 有没有我需要添加的附加代码确定没有内存泄漏?.

a) The element is deleted as: vec_A.erase(iterator) Is there any additional code I need to add to make sure that there is no memory leak? .

是的，这就是你需要做的.不会有内存泄漏.由于您没有在堆上分配对象，因此当您执行 vec_A.push_back(A()) 时，一个新对象被复制到向量中.当你擦除时，vector 会负责删除元素.

Yes, that's all you need to do. There will be no memory leak. Since you didn't allocate yoour object on heap, when you did vec_A.push_back(A()) a new object is copied into the vector. When you do erase, vector will take care of deleting the elements.

假设条件 if(num <5) 是 ifnum 在一个特定的 numberList 之中.鉴于此，有没有更好的方法来删除向量的元素比我在下面说明了什么?

Assume that condition if(num <5) is if num is among a specific numberList. Given this, is there a better way to delete the elements of a vector than what I am illustrating below?

是的，您可以删除/擦除习惯用法.这是一个例子:

Yes, you can remove/erase idiom. This is an example:

 class A
{
public:
    A(int n) : m_n(n)
    {
    }

    int get() const
    {
        return m_n;
    }
private:
    int m_n;
};

bool lessThan9(const A& a)
{
    return a.get() < 9;
}

//Or if you want for a generic number
struct Remover : public std::binary_function<A,int,bool>
{
public:
    bool operator()(const A& a, int n)const
    {
        return a.get() < n;
    }
};

int main()
{
    std::vector<A> a;
    a.push_back(A(10));
    a.push_back(A(8));
    a.push_back(A(11));
    a.push_back(A(3));

    a.erase(std::remove_if(a.begin(), a.end(), lessThan9), a.end());

    //Using the user-defined functor
    a.erase(std::remove_if(a.begin(), a.end(), std::bind2nd(Remover(), 9)), a.end());

    return 0;
}

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