创建一个内容大于 2GB 的张量原型 [英] create a tensor proto whose content is larger than 2GB

问题描述

我创建了一个大小为 (2^22, 256) 的 ndarray (W)，我尝试使用这个数组作为我的权重 matirx 初始化:

I created a ndarray (W) which size is (2^22, 256), and I tried to use this array as my initialization of weight matirx using:

w = tf.Variable(tf.convert_to_tensor(W))

然后，tensorflow 引发了一个错误:ValueError:无法创建内容大于 2GB 的张量原型.

then, the tensorflow raised a error: ValueError: Cannot create a tensor proto whose content is larger than 2GB.

我该如何解决这个问题?附注.我的权重矩阵必须使用 (2^22, 256) 矩阵进行初始化.谢谢:)

How can I fix this problem? PS. my weight matrix must using that (2^22, 256) matrix for initializing. THX :)

推荐答案

Protobuf 有 2GB 的硬限制.2^22*256 个浮点数为 4GB.您的问题是，您将通过

Protobuf has a hard limit of 2GB. And 2^22*256 floats are 4GB. Your problem is, that you are going to embed the initial value into the graph-proto by

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np

w_init = np.random.randn(2**22, 256).astype(np.float32)
w = tf.Variable(tf.convert_to_tensor(w_init))
with tf.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
    print sess.run(tf.reduce_sum(w))

导致

ValueError: Cannot create a tensor proto whose content is larger than 2GB.

上面的这个图定义基本上是说:该图有一个占用 4GB 的变量，这里是确切的值:..."

This graph definition above is basically saying: "The graph has a variable occupying 4GB and here are the exact values: ..."

相反，你应该写

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np

w_init = np.random.randn(2**22, 256).astype(np.float32)
w_plhdr = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32, shape=[2**22, 256])
w = tf.get_variable('w', [2**22, 256])
with tf.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
    sess.run(w.assign(w_plhdr), {w_plhdr: w_init})
    print sess.run(tf.reduce_sum(w))

这样，您的变量拥有 4GB 的值，但图形只有知识:嘿，有一个大小为 4 GB 的变量.只是不要关心图形定义中的确切值.因为有一个以后无论如何都要覆盖这些值的操作.".

This way, your variable holds 4GB of value but the graph only has the knowledge: "Hey, there is a variable of size 4 GB. Just don't care about the exact values within the graph definition. Because there is an operation to overwrite these values anyway later.".

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