如何在 Spring MVC 测试中设置 Web 应用程序上下文 [英] How to Setup web application context in Spring MVC test

问题描述

我们在服务层和服务层之间有清晰的抽象查看层上下文配置，我们正在加载它们，如下所示.

We have a clear abstraction between Service layers & view layers context configurations and we are loading them as shown below.

Root application context:

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:META-INF/spring/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

Web application context:

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>lovemytasks</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/mmapp-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

现在我们正在尝试引入 SPRING MVC TEST FRAMEWORK 来测试我们的应用程序.

Now we are trying to introduce SPRING MVC TEST FRAMEWORK to test our application.

为此，我需要设置与真实 Web 应用程序相同的环境.

For this i would need to setup the same environment as my real web application works.

我该怎么做?

我在测试中尝试了以下配置以加载两个上下文.

I tried below configuration on my test to load both the contexts.

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath*:META-INF/spring/applicationContext*.xml",
    "file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/spring/mmapp-servlet.xml" })

但它说错了

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration problem: Duplicate <global-method-security> detected. 

我们在根应用程序上下文和 Web 应用程序上下文中都定义了全局安全性.

We have defined global security in both root application context and web application context.

注意:当我运行我的 Web 应用程序时，不会出现上述问题.它仅在我运行 Spring MVc 测试时发生

我尝试删除我的全局安全性和一个地方，然后在运行我的测试时遇到转换服务错误.这警告我，我没有像真正的 Spring 应用程序那样加载上下文.

I tried removing my global security and one place and then landing into errors with conversion services on running my tests. Which warned me that I am not loading the context as teh real Spring application does.

现在，我想设置我的 Spring MVC 测试环境，使其使用或工作方式与我的 Spring Web 应用程序环境的工作方式相同.任何人都可以建议我如何实现它?

Now, i would like to setup my Spring MVC test environment to use or work as the same way my spring web application environment works. Can any one please suggest how can i achieve it ?

推荐答案

使用 @ContextHierarchy 注释.它的 javadoc 很好地描述了它.在您的情况下，您将使用

Use the @ContextHierarchy annotation. Its javadoc describes it well. In your case you would use

@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextHierarchy({
    @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath*:/META-INF/spring/applicationContext-*.xml" }),
    @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/spring/mmapp-servlet.xml" })
})

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