如何使按钮显示在背景后面，或使按钮背景透明? [英] How to make buttons appear behind a background, or make the buttons background transparent?

问题描述

(注意:带边框的按钮是背景的一部分)我想将真正的按钮放在图像后面，这样我就可以在背景中按下按钮，但是，我实际上是在按下它后面的按钮.

def __init__(self, parent, controller):tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)self.controller = 控制器background_image = tk.PhotoImage(file="Mainmenu.png") # 显示文件中的内容background_label = tk.Label(self, image=background_image) # 使 tk.Label 显示 background_imagebackground_label.place(x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1) # 调整高度/宽度background_label.image = background_image # 将标签识别为图片button1 = tk.Button(self, text="Play", bg="red", fg="black", height=2, width=15,命令=拉姆达:controller.show_frame(播放"))button2 = tk.Button(self, text="Settings", bg="yellow", fg="black", height=2, width=15,命令= lambda:controller.show_frame("设置"))button3 = tk.Button(self, text="Quit", bg="white", fg="black", height=2, width=15, cursor="pirate",命令=退出)button1.place(x="300",y="240")button2.place(x="480",y="240")button3.place(x="390",y="300")button1.config(font=("系统", 10))button2.config(font=("系统", 10))button3.config(font=("系统", 10))

解决方案

问题:让用户直接点击背景

1. 定义一个继承自tk.Canvas的类对象

   class Menu(tk.Canvas):def __init__(self, parent, image, command, show_areas=False):"""初始化一个 Canvas 对象，显示一个图像将鼠标单击绑定到函数初始化一个 dict 来保存添加的可点击区域:param parent: 父小部件:param image: 图像对象:param command: 处理区域点击的回调命令:param show_areas: 用于调试/跟踪目的.如果'True'显示可点击区域."""super().__init__(parent)# 向 TKinter 提供图像self._image = 图像self.create_image(0, 0, image=self._image, anchor='nw')self.callback = 命令self.bind('', self.Button_1_func)self.show_areas = show_areasself.areas = {}

2. 鼠标点击处理函数.
   搜索匹配区域并使用 tag

   调用 .callback 函数

    def Button_1_func(self, event):对于 self.areas.items() 中的标签 (x, y, x2, y2):如果 event.x 在 range(x, x2) 中并且 event.y 在 range(y, y2) 中:event.tag = 标签self.callback(事件)返回休息"

3. 使用给定的 tag 和计算出的几何图形添加一个新的可点击区域.
   15 * 10 计算面积 width
5 * 10 计算面积 height
   如果 self.show_areas 为 True，则使用几何图形创建一个矩形.

    def add_area(self, tag, coord):self.areas[tag] = *coord, (coord[0] + (15 * 10)) + 1, (coord[1] + (5 * 10)) + 1如果 self.show_areas:self.create_rectangle(self.areas[tag])

<块引用>

用法:

类应用程序(tk.Tk):def __init__(self):super().__init__()# 将文件中的内容显示为 background_imageself.menu = 菜单(自我，image=tk.PhotoImage(file="Mainmenu.png"),命令=self.command，show_areas=真)self.menu.place(x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)用于标记，坐标 [('Play', (300, 240)),('设置', (480, 240)),('退出', (390, 300))]:self.menu.add_area(标签，坐标)def show_frame(self, key):# 模拟controller.show_frame打印('show_frame({})'.format(key))def 命令(自我，事件):如果 ['Play', 'Settings'] 中的 event.tag:self.show_frame(event.tag)如果 event.tag == '退出':self.quit()如果 __name__ == "__main__":应用程序().主循环()

使用 Python 测试:3.5

(Note: The buttons with borders are part of the background) I would like to place the real buttons behind the image so it would like i'm pressing the button in the background, however, i'm actually pressing the button behind it.

def __init__(self, parent, controller):
    tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
    self.controller = controller

    background_image = tk.PhotoImage(file="Mainmenu.png")  # Displays whats in the file
    background_label = tk.Label(self, image=background_image)  # Makes tk.Label display the background_image
    background_label.place(x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)  # Adjusts the height/width

    background_label.image = background_image  # Recognises the label as an image

    button1 = tk.Button(self, text="Play", bg="red", fg="black", height=2, width=15,
                        command=lambda: controller.show_frame("Play"))
    button2 = tk.Button(self, text="Settings", bg="yellow", fg="black", height=2, width=15,
                        command=lambda: controller.show_frame("Settings"))
    button3 = tk.Button(self, text="Quit", bg="white", fg="black", height=2, width=15, cursor="pirate",
                        command=exit)

    button1.place(x="300",y="240")
    button2.place(x="480",y="240")
    button3.place(x="390",y="300")
    button1.config(font=("System", 10))
    button2.config(font=("System", 10))
    button3.config(font=("System", 10))

解决方案

Question: let the user click directly on the background

1. Define a class object inherited from tk.Canvas

   class Menu(tk.Canvas):
       def __init__(self, parent, image, command, show_areas=False):
           """
           Init a Canvas object, displaying a image
           Bind the Mouse click to a function
           Init a dict to hold the added clickable areas
   
           :param parent: The parent widget
           :param image: The image object
           :param command: The callback command to handle area clicks
           :param show_areas: For debug/trace purpose. If 'True'show the clickable areas.
           """
           super().__init__(parent)
           # Feed TKinter the image
           self._image = image
           self.create_image(0, 0, image=self._image, anchor='nw')
   
           self.callback = command
           self.bind('<Button-1>', self.Button_1_func)
   
           self.show_areas = show_areas
           self.areas = {}
   

2. The Mouse-Click-Handler function.
   Search for a matching area and call the .callback function with the tag

       def Button_1_func(self, event):
           for tag, (x, y, x2, y2) in self.areas.items():
               if event.x in range(x, x2) and event.y in range(y, y2):
                   event.tag = tag
                   self.callback(event)
                   return 'break'
   

3. Add a new clickable area with given tag and computed geometry.
   15 * 10 computes the area width
5 * 10 computes the area height
   If self.show_areas is True, create a rectangle with the geometry.

       def add_area(self, tag, coord):
           self.areas[tag] = *coord, (coord[0] + (15 * 10)) + 1, (coord[1] + (5 * 10)) + 1
   
           if self.show_areas:
               self.create_rectangle(self.areas[tag])
   

Usage:

class App(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        # Displays as background_image what's in the file
        self.menu = Menu(self,
                         image=tk.PhotoImage(file="Mainmenu.png"),
                         command=self.command,
                         show_areas=True)
        self.menu.place(x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)

        for tag, coords in [('Play', (300, 240)), 
                            ('Settings', (480, 240)), 
                            ('Quit', (390, 300))]:
            self.menu.add_area(tag, coords)

    def show_frame(self, key):
        # Simulating controller.show_frame
        print('show_frame({})'.format(key))

    def command(self, event):
        if event.tag in ['Play', 'Settings']:
            self.show_frame(event.tag)

        if event.tag == 'Quit':
            self.quit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    App().mainloop()

Tested with Python: 3.5

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