如何解读Windows任务管理器? [英] How to interpret Windows Task Manager?

问题描述

我运行的是 Windows 7 RC1，它使用与 Vista 相同的 WTM.当我查看流程时，有一些列我不确定有什么区别:

I run Windows 7 RC1, which uses the same WTM from Vista. When i look at the processes, there some columns I'm not sure what the differences are:

• 内存 - 工作集
• 内存 - 私有工作集
• 内存 - 提交大小

谁能告诉我它们是什么?

can anyone tell me what they are?

推荐答案

来自以下 文章，在内存使用类型部分下:

From the following article, under the section Types of Memory Usage:

内存使用主要有两种类型:工作集和私有工作集.私有工作集是一个进程使用的不能被其他进程共享的内存量，而工作集包括其他进程共享的内存.

There are two main types of memory usage: working set and private working set. The private working set is the amount of memory used by a process that cannot be shared among other processes, while working set includes the memory shared by other processes.

这听起来可能令人困惑，所以让我们尝试简化一下.让我们假设有两个孩子正在着色，并且两个孩子都有 5 支自己的蜡笔.他们决定分享他们的一些蜡笔，以便他们有更多的颜色可供选择.当每个孩子被问到他们用了多少支蜡笔时，他们都说他们用了 7 支蜡笔，因为他们每个人共用 2 支蜡笔.

That may sound confusing, so let’s try to simplify it a bit. Lets pretend that there are two kids who are coloring, and both of the kids have 5 of their own crayons. They decide to share some of their crayons so that they have more colors to choose from. When each child is asked how many crayons they used, both of them said they used 7 crayons, because they each shared 2 of their crayons.

这个比喻的要点是，如果他们不知道两个孩子正在分享，他们可能会假设总共有 14 支蜡笔，但实际上只有 10 支蜡笔可用.总结如下:

The point of that metaphor is that one might assume that there were a total of 14 crayons if they didn’t know that the two kids were sharing, but in reality there were only 10 crayons available. Here is the rundown:

• 工作集:这包括所有共享的蜡笔，因此总数为 14.
• 私人作品集:这仅包括每个孩子拥有的蜡笔，并不反映每张照片中实际使用的蜡笔数量.因此，总数为 10.

这与测量内存的方式非常相得益彰.许多应用程序重用您系统上已有的代码，因为最终它有助于减少整体内存消耗.如果您正在查看工作集内存使用情况，您可能会感到困惑，因为您所有正在运行的进程实际上加起来可能超过您安装的 RAM 量，这与我们在上面的蜡笔比喻中遇到的问题相同.自然地，工作集总是比私有工作集大.

This is a really good comparison to how memory is measured. Many applications reuse code that you already have on your system, because in the end it helps reduce the overall memory consumption. If you are viewing the working set memory usage you might get confused because all of your running processes might actually add up to more than the amount of RAM you have installed, which is the same problem we had with the crayon metaphor above. Naturally the working set will always be larger than the private working set.

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