这些 Windows 环境变量的含义是什么:HOMEDRIVE、HOMEPATH、HOMESHARE、USERPROFILE [英] What is the meaning of these Windows Environment variables: HOMEDRIVE, HOMEPATH, HOMESHARE, USERPROFILE

问题描述

这些Windows环境变量是什么意思:

What is the meaning of these Windows Environment variables:

• HOMEDRIVE，
• 家庭路径，
• 家庭共享，
• 和 USERPROFILE?

谁设置的?什么时候?谁使用它们?为了做什么?

Who set them? When? Who use them? For doing what?

samba服务器的配置如何修改这些变量?

How the configuration of the samba server modify these variables?

推荐答案

USERPROFILE 由 userenv!LoadUserProfileW 设置，当加载用户的配置文件(HKEY_USERS\ 配置单元).

USERPROFILE is set by userenv!LoadUserProfileW which is called when, well, loading the user's profile (the HKEY_USERS\<sid> hive).

• 这通常发生在用户第一次启动进程时.
• 如果您特别安排不加载配置文件(例如，使用 /noprofile 用于 runas)，则该过程将在 Default User 中运行仍然设置了这个变量的配置文件 - 从系统启动时它被加载的那一刻起.

• This typically happens the first time a process is started for the user.
• If you specifically arranged not to load the profile (e.g. with /noprofile for runas) then the process is run in the Default User profile which still has this variable set - since the moment it was loaded at system's startup.

HOMEDRIVE、HOMEPATH 和 HOMESHARE(以及其他几个变量)由 shell32!RegenerateUserEnvironment 设置在 Explorer 初始化¹ 时调用.它们被放置在(易失性)HKCU\Volatile Environment 键中，该键是易失性的，在配置文件卸载之前一直存在.

HOMEDRIVE, HOMEPATH and HOMESHARE (as well as several other variables) are set by shell32!RegenerateUserEnvironment which is called on Explorer initialization¹. They are placed in the (volatile) HKCU\Volatile Environment key which, being volatile, persists until the profile's unload.

• 因此，它们仅在用户登录到桌面会话时设置.不适用于辅助登录或服务.
  • 难怪人们现在更喜欢 USERPROFILE.

  ¹_{代码中还设置了一些userenv已经设置好的变量.这表明这是一个较旧的代码，自 NT4 天以来一直存在.配置文件和主路径之间的差异 - 服务器故障证实了这一点.}

  ¹_{The code also sets a few variables that are already set by userenv. This suggests that this is an older code that persists since NT4 days. Difference between profile and home path - Server Fault confirms that.}

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