在 C# 中启动 Windows 服务 [英] Start Windows Service in C#

问题描述

我想启动一个刚刚安装的 windows 服务.

I want to start a windows service that was just installed.

ServiceBase[] ServicesToRun;
if (bool.Parse(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["RunService"]))
{
    ServicesToRun = new ServiceBase[] { new IvrService() };
    ServiceBase.Run(ServicesToRun);
}

IvrService 代码是:

The IvrService code is:

partial class IvrService : ServiceBase
{
    public IvrService()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        Process myProcess;
        myProcess = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess();

        string pathname = Path.GetDirectoryName(myProcess.MainModule.FileName);

        //eventLog1.WriteEntry(pathname);

        Directory.SetCurrentDirectory(pathname);

    }

    protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
    {
        string sProcessName = Process.GetCurrentProcess().ProcessName;

        if (Environment.UserInteractive)
        {
            if (sProcessName.ToLower() != "services.exe")
            {
                // In an interactive session.
                Application.EnableVisualStyles();
                Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
                Application.Run(new IvrInteractive());
                IvrApplication.Start(); // the key function of the service, start it here
                return;
            }
        }
    }

我不确定如何启动该服务.使用 ServiceController.Start()? 但是我已经有了 ServiceBase.Run(ServicesToRun); 是用来启动服务的吗?

I am not sure how to start the service. Using ServiceController.Start()? But I already have ServiceBase.Run(ServicesToRun); Is it for starting a service?

代码提示绝对值得赞赏.

Code hint is definitely appreciated.

推荐答案

要回答有关从代码启动服务的问题，您可能需要这样的东西(相当于运行 net start myservice 从命令行):

To answer the question about starting a service from code, you would want something like this (which would be equivalent to running net start myservice from the command line):

ServiceController sc = new ServiceController();
sc.ServiceName = "myservice";

if (sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running || 
    sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.StartPending)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Service is already running");
}
else
{
    try
    {
        Console.Write("Start pending... ");
        sc.Start();
        sc.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 10));

        if (sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Service started successfully.");
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Service not started.");
            Console.WriteLine("  Current State: {0}", sc.Status.ToString("f"));
        }
    }
    catch (InvalidOperationException)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Could not start the service.");
    }
}

这将启动服务，但请记住，它与执行上述代码的进程不同.

This will start the service, but keep in mind that it will be a different process than the one that is executing the above code.

现在回答调试服务的问题.

Now to answer the question about debugging a service.

• 一种选择是在服务启动后附加.
• 另一个是使您的服务可执行文件能够运行主代码，而不是作为服务而是作为普通可执行文件(通常通过命令行参数设置).然后你可以从你的 IDE 中按 F5 进入它.

添加示例事件流(基于一些评论中的问题)

Adding sample flow of events (based on questions from some of the comments)

1. 要求操作系统启动服务.这可以通过控制面板、命令行、API(如上面的代码)或由操作系统自动完成(取决于服务的启动设置).
2. 然后操作系统会创建一个新进程.
3. 然后该进程注册服务回调(例如，C# 中的 ServiceBase.Run 或本机代码中的 StartServiceCtrlDispatcher).然后开始运行它的代码(它将调用您的 ServiceBase.OnStart() 方法).
4. 然后操作系统可以请求暂停、停止服务等.此时它会向已经运行的进程发送一个控制事件(从第 2 步开始).这将导致调用您的 ServiceBase.OnStop() 方法.

1. OS is asked to start a service. This can be done from the control panel, the command line, APIs (such as the code above), or automatically by the OS (depending on the service's startup settings).
2. The operating system then creates a new process.
3. The process then registers the service callbacks (for example ServiceBase.Run in C# or StartServiceCtrlDispatcher in native code). And then starts running its code (which will call your ServiceBase.OnStart() method).
4. The OS can then request that a service be paused, stopped, etc. At which point it will send a control event to the already running process (from step 2). Which will result in a call to your ServiceBase.OnStop() method.

允许服务作为普通可执行文件或命令行应用程序运行:一种方法是将您的应用程序配置为控制台应用程序，然后根据命令行开关运行不同的代码:

Allowing a service to run as a normal executable or as a command line app: One approach is to configure your app as a console application, then run different code based on a command line switch:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    if (args.Length == 0)
    {
        // we are running as a service
        ServiceBase[] ServicesToRun;
        ServicesToRun = new ServiceBase[] { new MyService() };
        ServiceBase.Run(ServicesToRun);
    }
    else if (args[0].Equals("/debug", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
    {
        // run the code inline without it being a service
        MyService debug = new MyService();
        // use the debug object here
    }

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