使用 XAML 的 UWP 应用中的垂直文本 [英] Vertical Text in UWP apps with XAML
本文介绍了使用 XAML 的 UWP 应用中的垂直文本的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我想在边框元素内垂直书写文本.如图所示.
I want to write text vertically inside of a border element. As shown in this picture.
我已经尝试使用带有此代码的 RenderTransform
I've tried using RenderTransform with this code
<Border Width="80"
Background="Teal">
<TextBlock Text="CATEGORIES"
Foreground="White"
FontFamily="Segoe UI Black"
FontSize="30">
<TextBlock.RenderTransform>
<RotateTransform Angle="-90" />
</TextBlock.RenderTransform>
</TextBlock>
</Border>这会垂直旋转文本，但 TextBlock 在转换之前采用旧的高度和宽度值，并且不会完全显示文本.所以文本在 80 像素(边框元素的宽度)后被截断.在搜索时我发现使用 LayoutTransform 可以解决问题，但它在 UWP 应用程序中不可用.如何在 UWP XAML 中执行此操作?
This rotates the text vertically but the TextBlock takes the old values of height and width before Transform and doesn't display the text completely. So the text is cut off after 80 pixels (width of the border element). While searching I found using LayoutTransform can solve the problem but it is not available in UWP apps. How to do this in UWP XAML?
推荐答案
这 在 UWP 上也对我有用.只需使用此处发布的课程，而不是帖子中的课程.并从博客文章中复制样式.
This worked for me on UWP as well. Just use the class posted here instead of the one from the post. And also copy the style from the blog post.
onedrive 链接不再有效.所以我在这里发布代码.
The onedrive link no longer works. So I am posting the code here.
新建一个类LayoutTransformer
Create a new class LayoutTransformer
using System;
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
using Windows.Foundation;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;
namespace Common
{
/// <summary>
/// Represents a control that applies a layout transformation to its Content.
/// </summary>
/// <QualityBand>Preview</QualityBand>
[TemplatePart(Name = TransformRootName, Type = typeof(Grid))]
[TemplatePart(Name = PresenterName, Type = typeof(ContentPresenter))]
public sealed class LayoutTransformer : ContentControl
{
/// <summary>
/// Name of the TransformRoot template part.
/// </summary>
private const string TransformRootName = "TransformRoot";
/// <summary>
/// Name of the Presenter template part.
/// </summary>
private const string PresenterName = "Presenter";
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the layout transform to apply on the LayoutTransformer
/// control content.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Corresponds to UIElement.LayoutTransform.
/// </remarks>
public Transform LayoutTransform
{
get { return (Transform)GetValue(LayoutTransformProperty); }
set { SetValue(LayoutTransformProperty, value); }
}
/// <summary>
/// Identifies the LayoutTransform DependencyProperty.
/// </summary>
public static readonly DependencyProperty LayoutTransformProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
"LayoutTransform", typeof(Transform), typeof(LayoutTransformer), new PropertyMetadata(null, LayoutTransformChanged));
/// <summary>
/// Gets the child element being transformed.
/// </summary>
private FrameworkElement Child
{
get
{
// Preferred child is the content; fall back to the presenter itself
return (null != _contentPresenter) ?
(_contentPresenter.Content as FrameworkElement ?? _contentPresenter) :
null;
}
}
// Note: AcceptableDelta and DecimalsAfterRound work around double arithmetic rounding issues on Silverlight.
private const double AcceptableDelta = 0.0001;
private const int DecimalsAfterRound = 4;
private Panel _transformRoot;
private ContentPresenter _contentPresenter;
private MatrixTransform _matrixTransform;
private Matrix _transformation;
private Size _childActualSize = Size.Empty;
public LayoutTransformer()
{
// Associated default style
DefaultStyleKey = typeof(LayoutTransformer);
// Can't tab to LayoutTransformer
IsTabStop = false;
#if SILVERLIGHT
// Disable layout rounding because its rounding of values confuses things
UseLayoutRounding = false;
#endif
}
/// <summary>
/// Builds the visual tree for the LayoutTransformer control when a new
/// template is applied.
/// </summary>
protected override void OnApplyTemplate()
{
// Apply new template
base.OnApplyTemplate();
// Find template parts
_transformRoot = GetTemplateChild(TransformRootName) as Grid;
_contentPresenter = GetTemplateChild(PresenterName) as ContentPresenter;
_matrixTransform = new MatrixTransform();
if (null != _transformRoot)
{
_transformRoot.RenderTransform = _matrixTransform;
}
// Apply the current transform
ApplyLayoutTransform();
}
/// <summary>
/// Handles changes to the Transform DependencyProperty.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="o">Source of the change.</param>
/// <param name="e">Event args.</param>
private static void LayoutTransformChanged(DependencyObject o, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
// Casts are safe because Silverlight is enforcing the types
((LayoutTransformer)o).ProcessTransform((Transform)e.NewValue);
}
/// <summary>
/// Applies the layout transform on the LayoutTransformer control content.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Only used in advanced scenarios (like animating the LayoutTransform).
/// Should be used to notify the LayoutTransformer control that some aspect
/// of its Transform property has changed.
/// </remarks>
public void ApplyLayoutTransform()
{
ProcessTransform(LayoutTransform);
}
/// <summary>
/// Processes the Transform to determine the corresponding Matrix.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="transform">Transform to process.</param>
private void ProcessTransform(Transform transform)
{
// Get the transform matrix and apply it
_transformation = RoundMatrix(GetTransformMatrix(transform), DecimalsAfterRound);
if (null != _matrixTransform)
{
_matrixTransform.Matrix = _transformation;
}
// New transform means re-layout is necessary
InvalidateMeasure();
}
/// <summary>
/// Walks the Transform(Group) and returns the corresponding Matrix.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="transform">Transform(Group) to walk.</param>
/// <returns>Computed Matrix.</returns>
private Matrix GetTransformMatrix(Transform transform)
{
if (null != transform)
{
// WPF equivalent of this entire method:
// return transform.Value;
// Process the TransformGroup
TransformGroup transformGroup = transform as TransformGroup;
if (null != transformGroup)
{
Matrix groupMatrix = Matrix.Identity;
foreach (Transform child in transformGroup.Children)
{
groupMatrix = MatrixMultiply(groupMatrix, GetTransformMatrix(child));
}
return groupMatrix;
}
// Process the RotateTransform
RotateTransform rotateTransform = transform as RotateTransform;
if (null != rotateTransform)
{
double angle = rotateTransform.Angle;
double angleRadians = (2 * Math.PI * angle) / 360;
double sine = Math.Sin(angleRadians);
double cosine = Math.Cos(angleRadians);
return new Matrix(cosine, sine, -sine, cosine, 0, 0);
}
// Process the ScaleTransform
ScaleTransform scaleTransform = transform as ScaleTransform;
if (null != scaleTransform)
{
double scaleX = scaleTransform.ScaleX;
double scaleY = scaleTransform.ScaleY;
return new Matrix(scaleX, 0, 0, scaleY, 0, 0);
}
// Process the SkewTransform
SkewTransform skewTransform = transform as SkewTransform;
if (null != skewTransform)
{
double angleX = skewTransform.AngleX;
double angleY = skewTransform.AngleY;
double angleXRadians = (2 * Math.PI * angleX) / 360;
double angleYRadians = (2 * Math.PI * angleY) / 360;
return new Matrix(1, angleYRadians, angleXRadians, 1, 0, 0);
}
// Process the MatrixTransform
MatrixTransform matrixTransform = transform as MatrixTransform;
if (null != matrixTransform)
{
return matrixTransform.Matrix;
}
// TranslateTransform has no effect in LayoutTransform
}
// Fall back to no-op transformation
return Matrix.Identity;
}
/// <summary>
/// Provides the behavior for the "Measure" pass of layout.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="availableSize">The available size that this element can give to child elements.</param>
/// <returns>The size that this element determines it needs during layout, based on its calculations of child element sizes.</returns>
protected override Size MeasureOverride(Size availableSize)
{
FrameworkElement child = Child;
if ((null == _transformRoot) || (null == child))
{
// No content, no size
return Size.Empty;
}
//DiagnosticWriteLine("MeasureOverride < " + availableSize);
Size measureSize;
if (_childActualSize == Size.Empty)
{
// Determine the largest size after the transformation
measureSize = ComputeLargestTransformedSize(availableSize);
}
else
{
// Previous measure/arrange pass determined that Child.DesiredSize was larger than believed
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" Using _childActualSize");
measureSize = _childActualSize;
}
// Perform a mesaure on the _transformRoot (containing Child)
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" _transformRoot.Measure < " + measureSize);
_transformRoot.Measure(measureSize);
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" _transformRoot.DesiredSize = " + _transformRoot.DesiredSize);
// WPF equivalent of _childActualSize technique (much simpler, but doesn't work on Silverlight 2)
// // If the child is going to render larger than the available size, re-measure according to that size
// child.Arrange(new Rect());
// if (child.RenderSize != child.DesiredSize)
// {
// _transformRoot.Measure(child.RenderSize);
// }
// Transform DesiredSize to find its width/height
Rect transformedDesiredRect = RectTransform(new Rect(0, 0, _transformRoot.DesiredSize.Width, _transformRoot.DesiredSize.Height), _transformation);
Size transformedDesiredSize = new Size(transformedDesiredRect.Width, transformedDesiredRect.Height);
// Return result to allocate enough space for the transformation
//DiagnosticWriteLine("MeasureOverride > " + transformedDesiredSize);
return transformedDesiredSize;
}
/// <summary>
/// Provides the behavior for the "Arrange" pass of layout.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="finalSize">The final area within the parent that this element should use to arrange itself and its children.</param>
/// <returns>The actual size used.</returns>
/// <remarks>
/// Using the WPF paramater name finalSize instead of Silverlight's finalSize for clarity
/// </remarks>
protected override Size ArrangeOverride(Size finalSize)
{
FrameworkElement child = Child;
if ((null == _transformRoot) || (null == child))
{
// No child, use whatever was given
return finalSize;
}
//DiagnosticWriteLine("ArrangeOverride < " + finalSize);
// Determine the largest available size after the transformation
Size finalSizeTransformed = ComputeLargestTransformedSize(finalSize);
if (IsSizeSmaller(finalSizeTransformed, _transformRoot.DesiredSize))
{
// Some elements do not like being given less space than they asked for (ex: TextBlock)
// Bump the working size up to do the right thing by them
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" Replacing finalSizeTransformed with larger _transformRoot.DesiredSize");
finalSizeTransformed = _transformRoot.DesiredSize;
}
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" finalSizeTransformed = " + finalSizeTransformed);
// Transform the working size to find its width/height
Rect transformedRect = RectTransform(new Rect(0, 0, finalSizeTransformed.Width, finalSizeTransformed.Height), _transformation);
// Create the Arrange rect to center the transformed content
Rect finalRect = new Rect(
-transformedRect.Left + ((finalSize.Width - transformedRect.Width) / 2),
-transformedRect.Top + ((finalSize.Height - transformedRect.Height) / 2),
finalSizeTransformed.Width,
finalSizeTransformed.Height);
// Perform an Arrange on _transformRoot (containing Child)
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" _transformRoot.Arrange < " + finalRect);
_transformRoot.Arrange(finalRect);
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" Child.RenderSize = " + child.RenderSize);
// This is the first opportunity under Silverlight to find out the Child's true DesiredSize
if (IsSizeSmaller(finalSizeTransformed, child.RenderSize) && (Size.Empty == _childActualSize))
{
// Unfortunately, all the work so far is invalid because the wrong DesiredSize was used
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" finalSizeTransformed smaller than Child.RenderSize");
// Make a note of the actual DesiredSize
_childActualSize = new Size(child.ActualWidth, child.ActualHeight);
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" _childActualSize = " + _childActualSize);
// Force a new measure/arrange pass
InvalidateMeasure();
}
else
{
// Clear the "need to measure/arrange again" flag
_childActualSize = Size.Empty;
}
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" _transformRoot.RenderSize = " + _transformRoot.RenderSize);
// Return result to perform the transformation
//DiagnosticWriteLine("ArrangeOverride > " + finalSize);
return finalSize;
}
/// <summary>
/// Compute the largest usable size (greatest area) after applying the transformation to the specified bounds.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="arrangeBounds">Arrange bounds.</param>
/// <returns>Largest Size possible.</returns>
[SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Maintainability", "CA1502:AvoidExcessiveComplexity", Justification = "Closely corresponds to WPF's FrameworkElement.FindMaximalAreaLocalSpaceRect.")]
private Size ComputeLargestTransformedSize(Size arrangeBounds)
{
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" ComputeLargestTransformedSize < " + arrangeBounds);
// Computed largest transformed size
Size computedSize = Size.Empty;
// Detect infinite bounds and constrain the scenario
bool infiniteWidth = double.IsInfinity(arrangeBounds.Width);
if (infiniteWidth)
{
arrangeBounds.Width = arrangeBounds.Height;
}
bool infiniteHeight = double.IsInfinity(arrangeBounds.Height);
if (infiniteHeight)
{
arrangeBounds.Height = arrangeBounds.Width;
}
// Capture the matrix parameters
double a = _transformation.M11;
double b = _transformation.M12;
double c = _transformation.M21;
double d = _transformation.M22;
// Compute maximum possible transformed width/height based on starting width/height
// These constraints define two lines in the positive x/y quadrant
double maxWidthFromWidth = Math.Abs(arrangeBounds.Width / a);
double maxHeightFromWidth = Math.Abs(arrangeBounds.Width / c);
double maxWidthFromHeight = Math.Abs(arrangeBounds.Height / b);
double maxHeightFromHeight = Math.Abs(arrangeBounds.Height / d);
// The transformed width/height that maximize the area under each segment is its midpoint
// At most one of the two midpoints will satisfy both constraints
double idealWidthFromWidth = maxWidthFromWidth / 2;
double idealHeightFromWidth = maxHeightFromWidth / 2;
double idealWidthFromHeight = maxWidthFromHeight / 2;
double idealHeightFromHeight = maxHeightFromHeight / 2;
// Compute slope of both constraint lines
double slopeFromWidth = -(maxHeightFromWidth / maxWidthFromWidth);
double slopeFromHeight = -(maxHeightFromHeight / maxWidthFromHeight);
if ((0 == arrangeBounds.Width) || (0 == arrangeBounds.Height))
{
// Check for empty bounds
computedSize = new Size(arrangeBounds.Width, arrangeBounds.Height);
}
else if (infiniteWidth && infiniteHeight)
{
// Check for completely unbound scenario
computedSize = new Size(double.PositiveInfinity, double.PositiveInfinity);
}
else if (!MatrixHasInverse(_transformation))
{
// Check for singular matrix
computedSize = new Size(0, 0);
}
else if ((0 == b) || (0 == c))
{
// Check for 0/180 degree special cases
double maxHeight = (infiniteHeight ? double.PositiveInfinity : maxHeightFromHeight);
double maxWidth = (infiniteWidth ? double.PositiveInfinity : maxWidthFromWidth);
if ((0 == b) && (0 == c))
{
// No constraints
computedSize = new Size(maxWidth, maxHeight);
}
else if (0 == b)
{
// Constrained by width
double computedHeight = Math.Min(idealHeightFromWidth, maxHeight);
computedSize = new Size(
maxWidth - Math.Abs((c * computedHeight) / a),
computedHeight);
}
else if (0 == c)
{
// Constrained by height
double computedWidth = Math.Min(idealWidthFromHeight, maxWidth);
computedSize = new Size(
computedWidth,
maxHeight - Math.Abs((b * computedWidth) / d));
}
}
else if ((0 == a) || (0 == d))
{
// Check for 90/270 degree special cases
double maxWidth = (infiniteHeight ? double.PositiveInfinity : maxWidthFromHeight);
double maxHeight = (infiniteWidth ? double.PositiveInfinity : maxHeightFromWidth);
if ((0 == a) && (0 == d))
{
// No constraints
computedSize = new Size(maxWidth, maxHeight);
}
else if (0 == a)
{
// Constrained by width
double computedHeight = Math.Min(idealHeightFromHeight, maxHeight);
computedSize = new Size(
maxWidth - Math.Abs((d * computedHeight) / b),
computedHeight);
}
else if (0 == d)
{
// Constrained by height
double computedWidth = Math.Min(idealWidthFromWidth, maxWidth);
computedSize = new Size(
computedWidth,
maxHeight - Math.Abs((a * computedWidth) / c));
}
}
else if (idealHeightFromWidth <= ((slopeFromHeight * idealWidthFromWidth) + maxHeightFromHeight))
{
// Check the width midpoint for viability (by being below the height constraint line)
computedSize = new Size(idealWidthFromWidth, idealHeightFromWidth);
}
else if (idealHeightFromHeight <= ((slopeFromWidth * idealWidthFromHeight) + maxHeightFromWidth))
{
// Check the height midpoint for viability (by being below the width constraint line)
computedSize = new Size(idealWidthFromHeight, idealHeightFromHeight);
}
else
{
// Neither midpoint is viable; use the intersection of the two constraint lines instead
// Compute width by setting heights equal (m1*x+c1=m2*x+c2)
double computedWidth = (maxHeightFromHeight - maxHeightFromWidth) / (slopeFromWidth - slopeFromHeight);
// Compute height from width constraint line (y=m*x+c; using height would give same result)
computedSize = new Size(
computedWidth,
(slopeFromWidth * computedWidth) + maxHeightFromWidth);
}
// Return result
//DiagnosticWriteLine(" ComputeLargestTransformedSize > " + computedSize);
return computedSize;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns true if Size a is smaller than Size b in either dimension.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="a">Second Size.</param>
/// <param name="b">First Size.</param>
/// <returns>True if Size a is smaller than Size b in either dimension.</returns>
private static bool IsSizeSmaller(Size a, Size b)
{
// WPF equivalent of following code:
// return ((a.Width < b.Width) || (a.Height < b.Height));
return ((a.Width + AcceptableDelta < b.Width) || (a.Height + AcceptableDelta < b.Height));
}
/// <summary>
/// Rounds the non-offset elements of a Matrix to avoid issues due to floating point imprecision.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="matrix">Matrix to round.</param>
/// <param name="decimals">Number of decimal places to round to.</param>
/// <returns>Rounded Matrix.</returns>
private static Matrix RoundMatrix(Matrix matrix, int decimals)
{
return new Matrix(
Math.Round(matrix.M11, decimals),
Math.Round(matrix.M12, decimals),
Math.Round(matrix.M21, decimals),
Math.Round(matrix.M22, decimals),
matrix.OffsetX,
matrix.OffsetY);
}
/// <summary>
/// Implements WPF's Rect.Transform on Silverlight.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="rect">Rect to transform.</param>
/// <param name="matrix">Matrix to transform with.</param>
/// <returns>Bounding box of transformed Rect.</returns>
private static Rect RectTransform(Rect rect, Matrix matrix)
{
// WPF equivalent of following code:
// Rect rectTransformed = Rect.Transform(rect, matrix);
Point leftTop = matrix.Transform(new Point(rect.Left, rect.Top));
Point rightTop = matrix.Transform(new Point(rect.Right, rect.Top));
Point leftBottom = matrix.Transform(new Point(rect.Left, rect.Bottom));
Point rightBottom = matrix.Transform(new Point(rect.Right, rect.Bottom));
double left = Math.Min(Math.Min(leftTop.X, rightTop.X), Math.Min(leftBottom.X, rightBottom.X));
double top = Math.Min(Math.Min(leftTop.Y, rightTop.Y), Math.Min(leftBottom.Y, rightBottom.Y));
double right = Math.Max(Math.Max(leftTop.X, rightTop.X), Math.Max(leftBottom.X, rightBottom.X));
double bottom = Math.Max(Math.Max(leftTop.Y, rightTop.Y), Math.Max(leftBottom.Y, rightBottom.Y));
Rect rectTransformed = new Rect(left, top, right - left, bottom - top);
return rectTransformed;
}
/// <summary>
/// Implements WPF's Matrix.Multiply on Silverlight.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="matrix1">First matrix.</param>
/// <param name="matrix2">Second matrix.</param>
/// <returns>Multiplication result.</returns>
private static Matrix MatrixMultiply(Matrix matrix1, Matrix matrix2)
{
// WPF equivalent of following code:
// return Matrix.Multiply(matrix1, matrix2);
return new Matrix(
(matrix1.M11 * matrix2.M11) + (matrix1.M12 * matrix2.M21),
(matrix1.M11 * matrix2.M12) + (matrix1.M12 * matrix2.M22),
(matrix1.M21 * matrix2.M11) + (matrix1.M22 * matrix2.M21),
(matrix1.M21 * matrix2.M12) + (matrix1.M22 * matrix2.M22),
((matrix1.OffsetX * matrix2.M11) + (matrix1.OffsetY * matrix2.M21)) + matrix2.OffsetX,
((matrix1.OffsetX * matrix2.M12) + (matrix1.OffsetY * matrix2.M22)) + matrix2.OffsetY);
}
/// <summary>
/// Implements WPF's Matrix.HasInverse on Silverlight.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="matrix">Matrix to check for inverse.</param>
/// <returns>True if the Matrix has an inverse.</returns>
private static bool MatrixHasInverse(Matrix matrix)
{
// WPF equivalent of following code:
// return matrix.HasInverse;
return (0 != ((matrix.M11 * matrix.M22) - (matrix.M12 * matrix.M21)));
}
}
}
在 App.xaml 文件中
In the App.xaml file
添加命名空间通用
xmlns:common="using:Common"
在 ApplicationResources 中创建一个新样式
create a new style inside of ApplicationResources
<Application.Resources>
<Style TargetType="common:LayoutTransformer">
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#FF000000"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="common:LayoutTransformer">
<Grid x:Name="TransformRoot" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
<ContentPresenter
x:Name="Presenter"
Content="{TemplateBinding Content}"
ContentTemplate="{TemplateBinding ContentTemplate}"/>
</Grid>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</Application.Resources>
现在将文本块逆时针旋转 90 度
Now to rotate a textblock anticlockwise by 90 degrees
添加命名空间通用
xmlns:common="using:Common"
并使用此代码
<common:LayoutTransformer>
<common:LayoutTransformer.LayoutTransform>
<RotateTransform Angle="-90" />
</common:LayoutTransformer.LayoutTransform>
<TextBlock Text="CATEGORIES"
FontSize="30"/>
</common:LayoutTransformer>
这篇关于使用 XAML 的 UWP 应用中的垂直文本的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
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