列表中两个单词之间的余弦相似度 [英] cosine similarity between two words in a list

问题描述

我正在定义一个函数，该函数接受一个单词列表，并返回列表中彼此之间具有非零余弦相似度(以及相似度值)的单词的相关信息.

谁能帮我解决这个问题.我在想，如果我能得到一个预先计算好的 word2vec 矢量文件，那会很有帮助，但互联网上没有.

解决方案

你可以定义这两个函数

def word2vec(word):从集合导入计数器从数学导入 sqrt# 统计word中的字符cw = 计数器(字)# 预先计算一组不同的字符sw = 设置(顺时针)# 预先计算词向量的长度"lw = sqrt(sum(c*c for c in cw.values()))# 返回一个元组返回 cw、sw、lwdef cosdis(v1, v2):# 这两个词的共同点是什么?common = v1[1].intersection(v2[1])# 根据余弦距离的定义，我们有return sum(v1[0][ch]*v2[0][ch] for ch in common)/v1[2]/v2[2]

并在本例中使用它们

<预><代码>>>>a = 'safasfeqefscwaeeafweeaeawaw'>>>b = 'tsafdstrdfadsdfdswdfafdwaed'>>>c = 'optykop;lvhopijresokpghwji7'>>>>>>va = word2vec(a)>>>vb = word2vec(b)>>>vc = word2vec(c)>>>>>>打印 cosdis(va,vb)0.551843662321>>>打印 cosdis(vb,vc)0.113746579656>>>打印 cosdis(vc,va)0.153494378078

顺便说一句，您在标签中提到的 word2vec这是一项完全不同的业务，这需要我们中的一个人花费大量时间和精力来研究它，然后猜猜看，我不是那个人......

I am defining a function which takes a list of words and returns information about the words in the list that have non-zero, cosine similarity between each other (along with the similarity value).

Can anyone help me out with this. I was thinking if I can get a precomputed word2vec vector file then it would be very helpful,but there is none on the internet.

解决方案

You could define these two functions

def word2vec(word):
    from collections import Counter
    from math import sqrt

    # count the characters in word
    cw = Counter(word)
    # precomputes a set of the different characters
    sw = set(cw)
    # precomputes the "length" of the word vector
    lw = sqrt(sum(c*c for c in cw.values()))

    # return a tuple
    return cw, sw, lw

def cosdis(v1, v2):
    # which characters are common to the two words?
    common = v1[1].intersection(v2[1])
    # by definition of cosine distance we have
    return sum(v1[0][ch]*v2[0][ch] for ch in common)/v1[2]/v2[2]

and use them as in this example

>>> a = 'safasfeqefscwaeeafweeaeawaw'
>>> b = 'tsafdstrdfadsdfdswdfafdwaed'
>>> c = 'optykop;lvhopijresokpghwji7'
>>> 
>>> va = word2vec(a)
>>> vb = word2vec(b)
>>> vc = word2vec(c)
>>> 
>>> print cosdis(va,vb)
0.551843662321
>>> print cosdis(vb,vc)
0.113746579656
>>> print cosdis(vc,va)
0.153494378078

BTW, the word2vec that you mention in a tag is quite a different business, that requires that one of us take a great deal of time and commitment for studying it and guess what, I'm not that one...

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