使用 XSD 进行 XML 验证:如何避免关心元素的顺序? [英] XML validation with XSD: how to avoid caring about the sequence of the elements?

问题描述

我有以下 XSD 代码:

I have following XSD code:

<xsd:complexType name="questions">
    <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element name="location" type="location"/>
        <xsd:element name="multipleChoiceInput" type="multipleChoiceInput" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        <xsd:element name="textInput" type="textInput" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        <xsd:element name="pictureInput" type="pictureInput" minOccurs="0"/>
    </xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>

这里的问题是:元素位置、multipleChoiceInput 等必须按照它们声明的顺序出现.我不希望这种情况发生，我希望那样，在验证过程中，序列不应该是相关的.我怎样才能做到这一点?

The problem here is: the elements location, multipleChoiceInput, etc. must appear in the same order they are declared. I don't want this to happen, I want that, in the validation process the sequence should not be relevant. How can I achieve this?

我尝试过的另一种可能性是:

Another possibility I've tried has been:

<xsd:complexType name="questions">

        <xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">   
            <xsd:element name="location" type="location"/>  
            <xsd:element name="multipleChoiceInput" type="multipleChoiceInput" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
            <xsd:element name="textInput" type="textInput" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
            <xsd:element name="pictureInput" type="pictureInput" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
        </xsd:choice>            

</xsd:complexType>

在这个例子中，顺序真的不再重要了，我可以拥有我想要的元素(所有"不允许我做的事情).但是我仍然有 min- 和 maxOccurs 的问题.在这个例子中，我可以有尽可能多的图片输入"，这与我想要 0 或 1 的约束有何不同.

In this example, the sequence really does not matter anymore, and I can have so much elements as I want (what "all" would not allow me to do). But I still have the Problem with the min- and maxOccurs. In this example, I could have so many "pictureInput"s as possible, what is againt the constraint that I would like to have either 0 or 1.

非常感谢您的帮助！

推荐答案

<xsd:complexType name="questions">
    <xsd:all>
        <xsd:element name="location" type="location"/>
        <xsd:element name="multipleChoiceInput" type="multipleChoiceInput"/>
        <xsd:element name="textInput" type="textInput"/>
        <xsd:element name="pictureInput" type="pictureInput"/>
    </xsd:all>
</xsd:complexType>

注意:我已将序列"更改为全部"

NOTE: I have changed "sequence" to "all"

序列强制顺序(如定义).如果顺序无关紧要，则全部使用.

Sequence forces order (as defined). if order doesn't matter then all is used.

如果元素出现多次的机会，则可以使用 xsd:any.

If there are chances of element occurence more than once then xsd:any can be used.

<xsd:complexType name="questions">
    <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:any minOccurs="0"/>
    </xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>

您可以在以下链接中找到 xsd:any 的详细信息:

You can find details of xsd:any at following link:

https://www.w3schools.com/xml/schema_complex_any.asp

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