解析 XML 文件时如何处理 xmlns 值? [英] How to deal with xmlns values while parsing an XML file?

问题描述

我有以下 XML 文件的玩具示例.我有成千上万个这样的.我很难解析这个文件.

I have the following toy example of an XML file. I have thousands of these. I have difficulty parsing this file.

看第二行的文字.我所有的原始文件都包含此文本.当我从第二行删除 i:type="Record" xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/Storage" 时(保留剩余的文本)，我能够得到 accelx 和 accely 值使用下面给出的代码.

Look at the text in second line. All my original files contain this text. When I delete i:type="Record" xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/Storage" from second line (retaining the remaining text), I am able to get accelx and accely values using the code given below.

如何用原文解析这个文件?

How can I parse this file with the original text?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ArrayOfRecord xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" i:type="Record" xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/Storage">
  <AvailableCharts>
    <Accelerometer>true</Accelerometer>
    <Velocity>false</Velocity>
  </AvailableCharts>
  <Trics>
    <Trick>
      <EndOffset>PT2M21.835S</EndOffset>
      <Values>
        <TrickValue>
          <Acceleration>26.505801694441629</Acceleration>
          <Rotation>0.023379150593228679</Rotation>
        </TrickValue>
      </Values>
    </Trick>
  </Trics>
  <Values>
    <SensorValue>
      <accelx>-3.593643144</accelx>
      <accely>7.316485176</accely>
    </SensorValue>
    <SensorValue>
      <accelx>0.31103436</accelx>
      <accely>7.70408184</accely>
    </SensorValue>
  </Values>
</ArrayOfRecord>

解析数据的代码:

import lxml.etree as etree
tree = etree.parse(r"C:\testdel.xml")
root = tree.getroot()

val_of_interest = root.findall('./Values/SensorValue')

for sensor_val in val_of_interest:
    print sensor_val.find('accelx').text
    print sensor_val.find('accely').text

我在这里问了相关问题:如何从标签深处的xml文件中提取数据

I asked related question here: How to extract data from xml file that is deep down the tag

谢谢

推荐答案

混淆是由以下默认命名空间(命名空间声明不带前缀)引起的:

The confusion was caused by the following default namespace (namespace declared without prefix) :

xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/Storage"

请注意，没有前缀的后代元素隐式继承祖先的默认命名空间.现在，要引用命名空间中的元素，您需要将前缀映射到命名空间 URI，并在 XPath 中使用该前缀:

Note that descendants elements without prefix inherit default namespace from ancestor, implicitly. Now, to reference element in namespace, you need to map a prefix to the namespace URI, and use that prefix in your XPath :

ns = {'d': 'http://schemas.datacontract.org/Storage' }
val_of_interest = root.findall('./d:Values/d:SensorValue', ns)

for sensor_val in val_of_interest:
    print sensor_val.find('d:accelx', ns).text
    print sensor_val.find('d:accely', ns).text

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