如何使用 xmltodict 从 xml 文件中获取项目 [英] How to use xmltodict to get items out of an xml file

问题描述

我正在尝试从 xml 文件中轻松访问值.

<artikel nummer="121"><code>ABC123</code><naam>高亮笔</naam><voorraad>231</voorraad><prijs>0.56</prijs></artikel><artikel nummer="123"><code>PQR678</code><naam>Nietmachine</naam><voorraad>587</voorraad><prijs>9.99</prijs></artikel>..... 等等

如果我想访问值 ABC123，我如何获得它?

导入 xmltodict使用 open('8_1.html') 作为 fd:doc = xmltodict.parse(fd.read())打印(文档[fd]['代码'])

解决方案

使用您的示例:

导入 xmltodict使用 open('artikelen.xml') 作为 fd:doc = xmltodict.parse(fd.read())

如果你检查 doc，你会看到它是一个 OrderedDict，按标签排序:

<预><代码>>>>文档OrderedDict([('artikelen',OrderedDict([('artikel',[OrderedDict([('@nummer', '121'),('代码', 'ABC123'),('naam', '高亮笔'),('voorraad', '231'),('prijs', '0.56')]),OrderedDict([('@nummer', '123'),('代码', 'PQR678'),('naam', 'Nietmachine'),('voorraad', '587'),('prijs', '9.99')])])]))])

根节点称为artikelen，还有一个子节点artikel，它是一个OrderedDict 对象的列表，所以如果你想要code 对于每篇文章，你会这样做:

codes = []对于 doc['artikelen']['artikelen'] 中的 artikel:代码.附加(文章['代码'])# >>>代码# ['ABC123', 'PQR678']

如果您只在 nummer 为 121 时特别想要 code，您可以这样做:

code = 无对于 doc['artikelen']['artikelen'] 中的 artikel:如果 artikel['@nummer'] == '121':代码 = artikel['代码']休息

也就是说，如果您正在解析 XML 文档并想要搜索这样的特定值，我会考虑使用 XPath 表达式，由 ElementTree 支持.

I am trying to easily access values from an xml file.

<artikelen>
    <artikel nummer="121">
        <code>ABC123</code>
        <naam>Highlight pen</naam>
        <voorraad>231</voorraad>
        <prijs>0.56</prijs>
    </artikel>
    <artikel nummer="123">
        <code>PQR678</code>
        <naam>Nietmachine</naam>
        <voorraad>587</voorraad>
        <prijs>9.99</prijs>
    </artikel>
..... etc

If i want to acces the value ABC123, how do I get it?

import xmltodict

with open('8_1.html') as fd:
    doc = xmltodict.parse(fd.read())
    print(doc[fd]['code'])

解决方案

Using your example:

import xmltodict

with open('artikelen.xml') as fd:
    doc = xmltodict.parse(fd.read())

If you examine doc, you'll see it's an OrderedDict, ordered by tag:

>>> doc
OrderedDict([('artikelen',
              OrderedDict([('artikel',
                            [OrderedDict([('@nummer', '121'),
                                          ('code', 'ABC123'),
                                          ('naam', 'Highlight pen'),
                                          ('voorraad', '231'),
                                          ('prijs', '0.56')]),
                             OrderedDict([('@nummer', '123'),
                                          ('code', 'PQR678'),
                                          ('naam', 'Nietmachine'),
                                          ('voorraad', '587'),
                                          ('prijs', '9.99')])])]))])

The root node is called artikelen, and there a subnode artikel which is a list of OrderedDict objects, so if you want the code for every article, you would do:

codes = []
for artikel in doc['artikelen']['artikel']:
    codes.append(artikel['code'])

# >>> codes
# ['ABC123', 'PQR678']

If you specifically want the code only when nummer is 121, you could do this:

code = None
for artikel in doc['artikelen']['artikel']:
    if artikel['@nummer'] == '121':
        code = artikel['code']
        break

That said, if you're parsing XML documents and want to search for a specific value like that, I would consider using XPath expressions, which are supported by ElementTree.

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