如何在量角器中使用 Jasmine 和 CucumberJS [英] How to use Jasmine and CucumberJS with Protractor

问题描述

我希望使用 Protractor、CucumberJS 和 Jasmine 来测试我的项目.如何将 Jasmine 和 CucumberJS 与 Protractor 一起使用?这是我创建的项目设置:

I'm looking to use Protractor, CucumberJS, and Jasmine for testing my project. How do I use both Jasmine and CucumberJS with Protractor? Here's the project setup I've created:

/path/to/myproj/protractor.conf.js

/path/to/myproj/protractor.conf.js

exports.config = {
  seleniumServerJar: 'node_modules/protractor/selenium/selenium-server-standalone-2.45.0.jar',

  specs: [
    'features/*.feature'
  ],

  baseUrl: 'http://localhost:8080',

  multiCapabilities: [
    {
      'browserName': 'chrome'
    }
  ],

  allScriptsTimeout: 380000,
  getPageTimeout: 20000,

  framework: 'cucumber',

  cucumberOpts: {
    require: 'features/stepDefinitions.js',
    format: 'summary'
  }
};

如您所见，该项目使用cucumber"作为框架.如何与 CucumberJS 一起添加 Jasmine 框架?这是通过量角器配置文件还是代码中的其他地方?

As you can see, this project uses "cucumber" as the framework. How do I add in the Jasmine framework alongside CucumberJS? Would this be through the Protractor configuration file or someplace else in the code?

/path/to/myproj/features/demo.feature

/path/to/myproj/features/demo.feature

Feature: Some terse yet descriptive text of what is desired

  Scenario: Some determinable business situation
    Given some precondition

/path/to/myproj/features/stepDefinitions.js

/path/to/myproj/features/stepDefinitions.js

module.exports = function() {
  this.Given(/^some precondition$/, function (callback) {
    expect(true).toEqual(true);
    callback();
  });
};

执行此操作时，未定义expect"，大概是因为尚未集成 Jasmine，并且它的 expect 是全局的.这是完整的错误消息:

When this is executed, "expect" is not defined, presumably because Jasmine has not been integrated, and it's expect global along with it. Here's the full error message:

$ $(npm bin)/protractor protractor.conf.js 
Starting selenium standalone server...
[launcher] Running 1 instances of WebDriver
Selenium standalone server started at http://192.168.1.115:59957/wd/hub
(::) failed steps (::)

ReferenceError: expect is not defined
  at World.<anonymous> (/path/to/myproj/features/stepDefinitions.js:3:5)
  at process._tickCallback (node.js:355:11)


Failing scenarios:
/path/to/myproj/features/demo.feature:3 # Scenario: Some determinable business situation

1 scenario (1 failed)
1 step (1 failed)
Shutting down selenium standalone server.
[launcher] 0 instance(s) of WebDriver still running
[launcher] chrome #1 failed 1 test(s)
[launcher] overall: 1 failed spec(s)
[launcher] Process exited with error code 1

/path/to/myproj/package.json

/path/to/myproj/package.json

{
  "name": "myproj",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
  },
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "devDependencies": {
    "cucumber": "0.4.9",
    "protractor": "git+https://github.com/angular/protractor.git#0262268fa43b9eefac815d986740efa07bb15818"
  }
}

注意:我在 package.json 中使用了对 Protractor Git 存储库的特定提交，因为最新版本 (2.1.0) 具有 一个错误，它阻止了与 CucumberJS 的集成.

Note: I'm using a particular commit to the Protractor Git repository in my package.json, because the latest version (2.1.0) has a bug, which prevents integration with CucumberJS.

推荐答案

CucumberJS 和 Jasmine 是互斥的；您将无法在 Cucumber 步骤中使用 Jasmine 的期望.你必须做的是加载一个单独的期望模块.我建议 Chai 和 chai-as-promised 插件.(chai-as-promised 简化了围绕 promise 编写期望的过程.Protractor 覆盖了 Jasmine 中的 expect() 函数，以便在幕后为您执行此操作)您的世界，因为这是在您的步骤定义中提供对它的访问的最简单方法.你的世界看起来像这样:

CucumberJS and Jasmine are mutually exclusive; you won't be able to use Jasmine's expects in Cucumber steps. What you have to do instead is load a separate expectation module. I would suggest Chai with the chai-as-promised plugin. (chai-as-promised simplifies the process of writing expectations around promises. Protractor overrides the expect() function in Jasmine to do this for you behind the scenes) Most likely you'll want to do this in your World as that's the easiest way to provide access to it in your Step Definitions. Your World would look something like this:

var World, chai, chaiAsPromised;
chai = require('chai');
chaiAsPromised = require('chai-as-promised');

World = function World(callback) {
  chai.use(chaiAsPromised);
  this.expect = chai.expect;
  callback();
}

module.exports.World = World;

然后在您的 Step Definitions 文件中，您只需根据 CucumberJS 文档在 World 中加载 并且您的步骤定义将被限定为提供对 World 的所有属性的访问:

Then in your Step Definitions file you just load in the World per the CucumberJS documentation and you're Step Definitions will be scoped to provide access to all properties of the World:

module.exports = function() {

  this.World = require("path/to/world.js").World;

  this.Given(/^some precondition$/, function (callback) {
    this.expect(true).to.equal(true);
    callback();
  });
};

现在，对于一些无耻的自我推销:如果您将 Protractor 与 CucumberJS 一起使用，我建议您查看我帮助构建的名为 CukeFarm.它预先配置了一些您会发现有用的模块，并提供了许多可用于大多数项目的通用步骤定义.

Now, for some shameless self-promoting: if you're using Protractor with CucumberJS, I would recommend looking at a module I helped build called CukeFarm. It comes preconfigured with a few modules you'll find useful and it provides a number of general Step Definitions that can be used on most any project.

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