Ansible:使用节点锚和合并键拆分到不同的 yaml 文件 [英] Ansible: Using node anchors and merge keys split over different yaml files

问题描述

我很难让 Ansible 使用 YAML 合并键和节点锚点，我想知道当它们位于不同的文件中时它们是否可以工作，以及什么可能是替代方法.

I'm having difficulty getting Ansible to work with YAML merge keys and node anchors and wondering whether these can work when they are in different files and what might be an alternative approach.

我正在尝试定义默认数据结构(请参阅 vars/default/vars.yaml)并将其合并到更具体的版本中(请参阅 vars/specific/vars.yaml) 虽然它们在不同的文件中:

I'm attempting to define default data structure (see vars/default/vars.yaml) and merge this in to a more specific version (see vars/specific/vars.yaml) though these are in different files:

例如

playbook/
├── my_playbook.yaml
├── tasks
│   └── example.yaml
└── vars
    ├── default
    │   └── vars.yaml
    └── specific
        └── vars.yaml

重现此问题的文件内容如下:

The contents of the files which recreates this issue are as follows:

playbook/my_playbook.yaml

---
- hosts:            "local"
  tasks:
    - include_tasks: "tasks/example.yaml"

playbook/tasks/example.yaml

- name: include default and specific
  include_vars:
    file: "{{item}}"
  with_items:
      - "default/vars.yaml"
      - "specific/vars.yaml"

playbook/vars/default/vars.yaml

---
process_settings: &default_process_settings
    kill_timeout:      "10"
    log_retention:     "5"
    retry_times:       "3"
    alert_email:       "[e-mail]",
    deploy_server:     "http://testsite.com:8000"

playbook/vars/specific/vars.yaml

---
process_settings:
    <<: *default_process_settings
    heartbeat_rate:    "5"

正是在最后一个文件中似乎导致了问题.当我运行剧本时:

It's in this last file that appears to be causing the problem. When I run the playbook:

ansible-playbook -i inventory playbook/my_playbook.yaml

我收到以下神秘错误:

TASK [include default and specific] ***********************************************************************************************
ok: [127.0.0.1] => (item=default/vars.yaml)
failed: [127.0.0.1] (item=specific/vars.yaml) => {"ansible_facts": {}, "ansible_included_var_files": [], "changed": false, "failed": true, "item": "specific/vars.yaml", "message": "Syntax Error while loading YAML.\n\n\nThe error appears to have been in 'True': line 4, column 9, but may\nbe elsewhere in the file depending on the exact syntax problem.\n\n(could not open file to display line)\nexception type: <class 
'yaml.composer.ComposerError'>\nexception: found undefined alias\n  in \"<unicode string>\", line 4, column 9"}

似乎 Ansible 可以从不同的 YAML 文件中获取变量，但是使用节点锚点和合并键的 YAML 引用仅在同一文件中时才有效.从纯粹的 YAML 角度来看，我认为这是合理的.

It seems that Ansible can pick up variable from different YAML files but YAML references using node anchors and merge keys will only work when in the same file. From a purely YAML perspective, this is reasonable enough I suppose.

我怎样才能让它工作?有没有其他方法可以实现这个目标?

How can I get this to work? Is there another approach that can achieve this aim?

推荐答案

我很难让 Ansible 使用 YAML 合并键和节点锚点，我想知道当它们位于不同的文件中时它们是否可以工作，以及什么可能是替代方法.

I'm having difficulty getting Ansible to work with YAML merge keys and node anchors and wondering whether these can work when they are in different files and what might be an alternative approach.

不能跨文件使用合并键和节点锚点.它们仅在单个 YAML 文档中有用.

Merge keys and node anchors cannot be used across files. They are only useful within a single YAML document.

我收到以下神秘错误:

异常:找到未定义的别名"似乎准确地描述了问题.

"exception: found undefined alias" seems to accurately describe the problem.

谁能建议这是否/如何工作，或者是否有另一种方法可以实现这一目标?

Can anyone suggest whether/how this can work or whether there's another approach that can achieve this aim?

您可以使用 combine 过滤器:

You can use the combine filter:

process_settings: "{{ default_process_settings|combine({'heartbeat_rate':    '5'}) }}"

相同，但可能更易于阅读(也更易于编写，尤其是当您有多个键时):

The same, but perhaps easier to read (and easier to write, especially if you've got more than a single key):

override_process_settings:
    heartbeat_rate:    "5"

process_settings: "{{ default_process_settings|combine(override_process_settings) }}"

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