Ansible:如何在剧本中声明全局变量? [英] Ansible: How to declare global variable within playbook?

问题描述

如何在 Ansible playbook 中声明全局变量.我在谷歌搜索并找到了以下解决方案，但没有按预期工作.

How can I declare global variable within Ansible playbook. I have searched in google and found the below solution, but its not working as expected.

- hosts: all
  vars:
    prod-servers:
     - x.x.x.x
     - x.x.x.x


- hosts: "{{prod-servers}}"
  tasks:
  - name: ping
    action: ping

当我尝试上述代码时，它说变量 prod-servers 未定义.

When I'm trying the above code, it says variable prod-servers is undefined.

推荐答案

您不能定义一个可在剧本级别(全局变量)从剧本中访问的变量.

You cannot define a variable accessible on a playbook level (global variable) from within a play.

变量范围

Ansible 有 3 个主要范围:

Ansible has 3 main scopes:

• 全局:这是由配置、环境变量和命令行设置的

• Global: this is set by config, environment variables and the command line

Play:每个 play 和包含的结构、vars 条目(vars；vars_files；vars_prompt)、角色默认值和 vars.

Play: each play and contained structures, vars entries (vars; vars_files; vars_prompt), role defaults and vars.

主机:与主机直接关联的变量，如库存、include_vars、事实或注册的任务输出

Host: variables directly associated to a host, like inventory, include_vars, facts or registered task outputs

因此，您在 play 中声明的任何内容都只能是 play 变量或(主机)事实.

Anything you declare inside a play can thus only be either a play variable, or a (host) fact.

定义一个变量，你可以在hosts声明中使用它:

To define a variable, which you can use in the hosts declaration:

• 使用 --extra-vars 选项运行 ansible-playbook 并在参数中传递值；

• run ansible-playbook with --extra-vars option and pass the value in the argument;

或实现相同的功能(决定在哪个主机上运行一个游戏，从前一个游戏中):

or to achieve the same functionality (decide which hosts to run a play on, from within a preceding play):

• 定义一个内存清单并针对该清单运行后续游戏.

• define an in-memory inventory and run the subsequent play against that inventory.

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