在使用 Ant 的新 jar 文件构建中包含外部 jar 文件 [英] Including external jar-files in a new jar-file build with Ant

问题描述

我刚刚继承"了一个 Java 项目，而不是来自 Java 背景，我有时会有点迷茫.Eclipse 用于在开发过程中调试和运行应用程序.我通过 Eclipse 成功创建了一个 .jar 文件，其中包含"了所有必需的外部 jar，如 Log4J、xmlrpc-server 等.然后可以使用以下方法成功运行这个大 .jar:

I have just 'inherited' a Java-project and not coming from a Java-background I am a little lost at times. Eclipse is used to debug and run the application during development. I have through Eclipse succeeded in creating a .jar-file that 'includes' all the required external jars like Log4J, xmlrpc-server, etc. This big .jar can then be run successfully using:

java -jar myjar.jar

我的下一步是使用 Ant(版本 1.7.1)自动构建，因此我不必让 Eclipse 来进行构建和部署.由于我缺乏 Java 知识，这已被证明是一个挑战.项目的根目录如下所示:

My next step is to automate builds using Ant (version 1.7.1) so I don't have to involve Eclipse to do builds and deployment. This has proven to be a challenge due to my lacking java-knowledge. The root of the project looks like this:

|-> jars (where external jars have been placed)
|-> java
| |-> bin (where the finished .class / .jars are placed)
| |-> src (Where code lives)
| |-> ++files like build.xml etc
|-> sql (you guessed it; sql! )

我的 build.xml 包含以下内容:

My build.xml contains the following:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<project basedir="." default="build" name="Seraph">
    <property environment="env"/>
    <property name="debuglevel" value="source,lines,vars"/>
    <property name="target" value="1.6"/>
    <property name="source" value="1.6"/>

    <property name="build.dir"     value="bin"/>
    <property name="src.dir"       value="src"/>
    <property name="lib.dir"       value="../jars"/>
    <property name="classes.dir"   value="${build.dir}/classes"/>
    <property name="jar.dir"       value="${build.dir}/jar"/>
    <property name="jar.file"      value="${jar.dir}/seraph.jar"/>
    <property name="manifest.file" value="${jar.dir}/MANIFEST.MF"/>

    <property name="main.class" value="no.easyconnect.seraph.core.SeraphCore"/>

    <path id="external.jars">
        <fileset dir="${lib.dir}" includes="**/*.jar"/>
    </path>

    <path id="project.classpath">
        <pathelement location="${src.dir}"/>
        <path refid="external.jars" />
    </path>

    <target name="init">
        <mkdir dir="${build.dir}"/>
        <mkdir dir="${classes.dir}"/>
        <mkdir dir="${jar.dir}"/>
        <copy includeemptydirs="false" todir="${build.dir}">
            <fileset dir="${src.dir}">
                <exclude name="**/*.launch"/>
                <exclude name="**/*.java"/>
            </fileset>
        </copy>
    </target>

    <target name="clean">
        <delete dir="${build.dir}"/>
    </target>

    <target name="cleanall" depends="clean"/>

    <target name="build" depends="init">
        <echo message="${ant.project.name}: ${ant.file}"/>
        <javac debug="true" debuglevel="${debuglevel}" destdir="bin" source="${source}" target="${target}" classpathref="project.classpath">
            <src path="${src.dir}"/>
        </javac>
    </target>

    <target name="build-jar" depends="build">
        <delete file="${jar.file}" />
        <delete file="${manifest.file}" />

        <manifest file="${manifest.file}" >
            <attribute name="built-by" value="${user.name}" />
            <attribute name="Main-Class" value="${main.class}" />
        </manifest>

        <jar destfile="${jar.file}" 
            basedir="${build.dir}" 
            manifest="${manifest.file}">
            <fileset dir="${classes.dir}" includes="**/*.class" />
            <fileset dir="${lib.dir}" includes="**/*.jar" />
        </jar>
    </target>
</project>

然后我运行:ant clean build-jar

I then run: ant clean build-jar

一个名为 seraph.jar 的文件放在 java/bin/jar-目录中.然后我尝试使用以下命令运行这个 jar:java -jar bin/jar/seraph.jar

and a file named seraph.jar is placed in the java/bin/jar-directory. I then try to run this jar using the following command: java -jar bin/jar/seraph.jar

结果是控制台的输出:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/log4j/Logger
    at no.easyconnect.seraph.core.SeraphCore.<clinit>(SeraphCore.java:23)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Logger
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:200)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:188)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:252)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
    ... 1 more
Could not find the main class: no.easyconnect.seraph.core.SeraphCore. Program will exit.

我怀疑我在 build.xml 文件中做了一些非常愚蠢的事情，并且花了两天的大部分时间尝试更改配置，但无济于事.非常感谢您对这项工作的帮助.

I suspect that I have done something amazingly silly in the build.xml-file and have spent the better part of two days trying variations on the configuration, to no avail. Any help on getting this working is greatly appreciated.

哦，如果我遗漏了一些重要信息，我很抱歉.这是我第一次在 SO 发帖.

Oh, and I'm sorry if I left some crucial information out. This is my first time posting here at SO.

推荐答案

根据已经在这里回答的人的有用建议，我开始深入研究 One-Jar.经过一些死胡同(以及一些与我之前的结果完全一样的结果，我设法让它工作.供其他人参考，我列出了对我有用的 build.xml.

With the helpful advice from people who have answered here I started digging into One-Jar. After some dead-ends (and some results that were exactly like my previous results I managed to get it working. For other peoples reference I'm listing the build.xml that worked for me.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<project basedir="." default="build" name="<INSERT_PROJECT_NAME_HERE>">
    <property environment="env"/>
    <property name="debuglevel" value="source,lines,vars"/>
    <property name="target" value="1.6"/>
    <property name="source" value="1.6"/>

    <property name="one-jar.dist.dir" value="../onejar"/>
    <import file="${one-jar.dist.dir}/one-jar-ant-task.xml" optional="true" />

    <property name="src.dir"          value="src"/>
    <property name="bin.dir"          value="bin"/>
    <property name="build.dir"        value="build"/>
    <property name="classes.dir"      value="${build.dir}/classes"/>
    <property name="jar.target.dir"   value="${build.dir}/jars"/>
    <property name="external.lib.dir" value="../jars"/>
    <property name="final.jar"        value="${bin.dir}/<INSERT_NAME_OF_FINAL_JAR_HERE>"/>

    <property name="main.class"       value="<INSERT_MAIN_CLASS_HERE>"/>

    <path id="project.classpath">
        <fileset dir="${external.lib.dir}">
            <include name="*.jar"/>
        </fileset>
    </path>

    <target name="init">
        <mkdir dir="${bin.dir}"/>
        <mkdir dir="${build.dir}"/>
        <mkdir dir="${classes.dir}"/>
        <mkdir dir="${jar.target.dir}"/>
        <copy includeemptydirs="false" todir="${classes.dir}">
            <fileset dir="${src.dir}">
                <exclude name="**/*.launch"/>
                <exclude name="**/*.java"/>
            </fileset>
        </copy>
    </target>

    <target name="clean">
        <delete dir="${build.dir}"/>
        <delete dir="${bin.dir}"/>
    </target>

    <target name="cleanall" depends="clean"/>

    <target name="build" depends="init">
        <echo message="${ant.project.name}: ${ant.file}"/>
        <javac debug="true" debuglevel="${debuglevel}" destdir="${classes.dir}" source="${source}" target="${target}">
            <src path="${src.dir}"/>
            <classpath refid="project.classpath"/>   
        </javac>
    </target>

    <target name="build-jar" depends="build">
        <delete file="${final.jar}" />
        <one-jar destfile="${final.jar}" onejarmainclass="${main.class}">
            <main>
                <fileset dir="${classes.dir}"/>
            </main>
            <lib>
                <fileset dir="${external.lib.dir}" />
            </lib>
        </one-jar>
    </target>
</project>

我希望其他人可以从中受益.

I hope someone else can benefit from this.

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