没有弹出 Android 手机的强制门户 [英] Captive Portal for Android Phone did not pop up
问题描述
我使用 hostapd、dnsmasq 和 apache2 在我的 Raspberry Pi 3B+ 上实现了带有强制门户的 wifi 热点，在我实施这个项目之前，我从未接触过 wifi 网络.因此我搜索了很多关于如何实现一个的帖子.
I used hostapd, dnsmasq and apache2 for implementing the wifi-hotspot with captive portal on my Raspberry Pi 3B+, before I implement this project, I have never get in touch with wifi networks. Hence I search a lot of post on how to implement one.
以下是我使用的配置:
/etc/apache/apache.conf:
/etc/apache/apache.conf:
# Apple
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^CaptiveNetworkSupport(.*)$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^192.168.0.200$
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://192.168.0.200/index.html [L,R=302]
# Android
RedirectMatch 302 /generate_204 http://192.168.0.200/index.html
# All
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/index.html
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://192.168.0.200/index.html [L]
# 404 Redirect
ErrorDocument 404 http://192.168.0.200/index.html
/etc/dnsmasq.conf:
/etc/dnsmasq.conf:
interface=wlan0
dhcp-range=192.168.0.201,192.168.0.210,255.255.255.0,24h
address=/#/192.168.0.200
我使用了 Sony H4133、HUAWEI RNE-22、Redmi Note3、Samsung Galaxy S8+、Samsung Galaxy Tab S 来测试门户.只有索尼才能像魅力一样工作.Tab S 可以弹出通知，但是当我点击它时，它会将我发送到 google.com 而不是我的门户.而其他人甚至没有显示弹出窗口.
I used Sony H4133, HUAWEI RNE-22, Redmi Note3, Samsung Galaxy S8+, Samsung Galaxy Tab S to test the portal. Only the Sony one work like a charm. Tab S can pop up a notification but when I click on it, it send me to google.com but not my portal. While others didn't even show the pop up.
我检查了 access.log 并发现/generate_204 确实是 302 重定向到我的页面并返回 200 代码.根据我的研究，除了 204 之外的任何代码返回都应该显示弹出窗口，但为什么这里不是这种情况?
I checked the access.log and find that the /generate_204 indeed 302 redirect to my page and return a 200 code. According to my research, any code return other than 204 should show up the pop up, but why it is not the case here?
访问日志:
192.168.0.204 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:20:10 +0800] "GET /index.html HTTP/1.1" 200 899 "-" "MQ 3.3.8/3.0 (Android 6.0.1) Xiaomi Redmi Note 3"
192.168.0.204 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:20:11 +0800] "GET /generate_204 HTTP/1.1" 302 561 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 6.0.1; Redmi Note 3 MIUI/V10.2.1.0.MHOMIXM)"
192.168.0.204 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:20:15 +0800] "POST /getconfig HTTP/1.1" 302 531 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 6.0.1; Redmi Note 3 MIUI/V10.2.1.0.MHOMIXM)"
192.168.0.204 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:20:15 +0800] "GET /index.html HTTP/1.1" 200 862 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 6.0.1; Redmi Note 3 MIUI/V10.2.1.0.MHOMIXM)"
192.168.0.204 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:20:15 +0800] "POST /mistats/v2 HTTP/1.1" 302 531 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 6.0.1; Redmi Note 3 MIUI/V10.2.1.0.MHOMIXM)"
192.168.0.204 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:20:15 +0800] "GET /index.html HTTP/1.1" 200 862 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 6.0.1; Redmi Note 3 MIUI/V10.2.1.0.MHOMIXM)"
192.168.0.204 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:20:20 +0800] "POST /mistats/v2 HTTP/1.1" 302 531 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 6.0.1; Redmi Note 3 MIUI/V10.2.1.0.MHOMIXM)"
192.168.0.204 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:20:20 +0800] "GET /index.html HTTP/1.1" 200 862 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 6.0.1; Redmi Note 3 MIUI/V10.2.1.0.MHOMIXM)"
192.168.0.205 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:23:31 +0800] "GET /generate_204 HTTP/1.1" 302 570 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 8.0.0; RNE-L22 Build/HUAWEIRNE-L22)"
192.168.0.205 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:23:31 +0800] "GET /generate_204 HTTP/1.1" 302 560 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 8.0.0; RNE-L22 Build/HUAWEIRNE-L22)"
192.168.0.205 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:23:31 +0800] "GET /generate_204 HTTP/1.1" 302 560 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 8.0.0; RNE-L22 Build/HUAWEIRNE-L22)"
192.168.0.205 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:23:44 +0800] "GET /generate_204 HTTP/1.1" 302 570 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 8.0.0; RNE-L22 Build/HUAWEIRNE-L22)"
192.168.0.205 - - [04/Jan/2020:12:23:56 +0800] "GET /generate_204 HTTP/1.1" 302 570 "-" "Dalvik/2.1.0 (Linux; U; Android 8.0.0; RNE-L22 Build/HUAWEIRNE-L22)"
推荐答案
apache.conf 是你的问题.以另一种方式配置 Apache2.
每个操作系统都有自己不同的互联网访问检测方式.
apache.conf is your problem. Config Apache2 in another way.
Every operating system has its own different way of detecting Internet access.
机制基本上是这样的:
GET/POST http://x.com/bar.html
If bar.html == [expected content] > Open Internet
If bar.html != [expected content] > Captive Portal
If bar.html[status] != SUCCESS > No Network
每个设备，Android 不同的制造商，行为不同.例如，看看这个列表:
Each device, also Android different manufactures, behaves differently. For example, look at this list:
xperia z5:
connectivitycheck.gstatic.com:80
clients3.google.com:80
---------------------
galaxy j3 2016:
172.217.21.14:80 connectivitycheck.android.com
---------------------
galaxy j7 2015:
172.16.98.10:80
connectivitycheck.gstatic.com:80
---------------------
galaxy note4:
nothing!
---------------------
ios 11:
captive.apple.com/hotspot-detect.html
---------------------
windows 10:
www.msftconnecttest.com
我建议为每个设备/制造商制作另一个 apache 配置文件.
I suggest make another apache config file for each device/manufacture.
在apache中为android创建目录
Create a directory for android in apache
cd /var/www/html/
sudo mkdir android
创建一个简单的 index.html 文件，该文件将出现在 android 设备的启动页面上.
Create a simple index.html file that is going to appear on the splash page of the android device.
在 nano(或您喜欢的文本编辑器)中创建 android.conf 并复制以下代码为 Android 设备创建重定向规则".
Create android.conf in nano (or your favorite text editor) and copy the following code to create a "redirection rule" for Android devices.
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/android.conf
把这些行:
<VirtualHost *:80>
Servername connectivitycheck.gstatic.com
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/android
RedirectMatch 302 /generate_204 /index.html
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/android_error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/android_access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
保存文件并退出.
完成.按照其他设备的步骤操作.此外，请查看此链接以获取更多信息.
Done. Follow the procedure for other devices. Also, check this link out to get more information.
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