如何在 Google 折线图中按年份分隔日期 [英] How to Seperate Dates by Year in Google Line Chart

问题描述

我有一个 日期/值 列表，我喜欢在 Google 图表:折线图.

 data.addRows([[新日期("2011-02-01T15:18:21+00:00"), 21.77],[新日期("2011-03-01T15:18:59+00:00"), 20.96],//[...],[新日期("2011-12-01T07:54:15+00:00"), 17.04],[新日期("2012-01-01T10:29:00+00:00"), 20.43],[新日期("2012-02-01T08:03:00+00:00"), 22.51],[新日期("2012-03-01T08:07:00+00:00"), 26.75],//[...],[新日期("2013-01-02T16:16:00+00:00"), 20.7],[新日期("2013-02-03T13:51:00+00:00"), 24.41],[新日期("2013-03-01T08:06:00+00:00"), 25.44],//[...],[新日期("2014-01-01T10:19:00+00:00"), 16.24],[新日期("2014-02-01T10:16:00+00:00"), 19.13],[新日期("2014-03-01T08:05:00+00:00"), 17.68],[新日期("2014-04-01T08:11:00+00:00"), 10.97]//[...],

这很好用，但我喜欢按年份分开值，例如每年一条线来比较它们.如何在没有年份的情况下设置 x 轴 范围?

这是我想要实现的 结果，只有当我假装所有年份都一样时，这才有效.

解决方案

我相信您需要一个离散轴.然而，每个日期都是唯一的，因此结果是每个数据点都是轴上的一个离散点.所以诀窍是强制一个连续的轴并用格式修复.因此，您可以通过创建一个第一列是数字月份的视图来实现这一点.通过将 0-11 个月转换为刻度值并强制每一个刻度来修复格式.现在您可以保留原始值的日期.

顺便说一下，这就是我制作几乎所有图表的方式:1) 使用数据表对行进行排序 2) 使用数据视图过滤行和列并生成衍生值.3) 使用选项来完成和/或抽象信息的呈现.

jsFiddle 上的工作示例

<div id='testchart'></div><script type="text/javascript">函数 drawChart() {var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();data.addColumn('日期', '日期');data.addColumn('number', '2011');data.addColumn('number', '2012');data.addColumn('number', '2013');data.addColumn('number', '2014');数据.addRows([[新日期("2011-02-01T15:18:21+00:00"), 21.77, null, null, null],[新日期("2011-03-01T15:18:59+00:00"), 20.96, null, null, null],[新日期("2011-04-01T15:19:22+00:00"), 15.75, null, null, null],[新日期("2011-05-01T15:19:44+00:00"), 6.92, null, null, null],[新日期("2011-06-01T08:12:00+00:00"), 4.46, null, null, null],[新日期("2011-07-06T07:54:00+00:00"), 2.54, null, null, null],[新日期("2011-08-01T15:30:21+00:00"), 2.96, null, null, null],[新日期("2011-09-01T15:30:35+00:00"), 2.94, null, null, null],[新日期("2011-10-01T15:30:58+00:00"), 3.3, null, null, null],[新日期("2011-11-01T15:31:37+00:00"), 10.72, null, null, null],[新日期("2011-12-01T07:54:15+00:00"), 17.04, null, null, null],[新日期("2012-01-01T10:29:00+00:00"), null, 20.43, null, null],[新日期("2012-02-01T08:03:00+00:00"), null, 22.51, null, null],[新日期("2012-03-01T08:07:00+00:00"), null, 26.75, null, null],[新日期("2012-04-01T12:58:04+00:00"), null, 13.09, null, null],[新日期("2012-05-01T12:58:59+00:00"), null, 13.52, null, null],[新日期("2012-06-01T08:09:00+00:00"), null, 4.71, null, null],[新日期("2012-07-01T13:00:06+00:00"), null, 3.92, null, null],[新日期("2012-08-01T08:02:00+00:00"), null, 2.85, null, null],[新日期("2012-09-01T09:52:18+00:00"), null, 3.05, null, null],[新日期("2012-10-01T17:13:00+00:00"), null, 4.2, null, null],[新日期("2012-11-01T10:03:00+00:00"), null, 10.79, null, null],[新日期("2012-12-01T10:52:00+00:00"), null, 16.68, null, null],[新日期("2013-01-02T16:16:00+00:00"), null, null, 20.7, null],[新日期("2013-02-03T13:51:00+00:00"), null, null, 24.41, null],[新日期("2013-03-01T08:06:00+00:00"), null, null, 25.44, null],[新日期("2013-04-01T09:58:00+00:00"), null, null, 23.15, null],[新日期("2013-05-01T20:26:00+00:00"), null, null, 12.13, null],[新日期("2013-06-01T13:19:00+00:00"), null, null, 6.77, null],[新日期("2013-07-01T18:09:00+00:00"), null, null, 4.26, null],[新日期("2013-08-23T14:32:00+00:00"), null, null, 2.67, null],[新日期("2013-09-01T09:41:00+00:00"), null, null, 3.25, null],[新日期("2013-10-01T12:42:14+00:00"), null, null, 5.2, null],[新日期("2013-11-01T12:43:17+00:00"), null, null, 8.95, null],[新日期("2013-12-01T12:43:38+00:00"), null, null, 17.02, null],[新日期("2014-01-01T10:19:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 16.24],[新日期("2014-02-01T10:16:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 19.13],[新日期("2014-03-01T08:05:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 17.68],[新日期("2014-04-01T08:11:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 10.97],[新日期("2014-05-01T09:06:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 6.57],[新日期("2014-07-01T07:57:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 4.25],[新日期("2014-08-03T11:26:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 2.14],[新日期("2014-09-02T08:04:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 2.95],[新日期("2014-10-01T07:18:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 3.75]]);var dView = 新的 google.visualization.DataView(data);dView.setColumns([{calc:getmon, type:'number', label:"Month"},1,2,3,4]);函数 getmon(dataTable, rowNum){var rd = dataTable.getValue(rowNum, 0);var rm = rd.getMonth();返回 {v:rm};}变量选项 = {h轴:{标题:'月',showTextEvery: 1,ticks: [{v:0, f:'Jan'}, {v:1, f:'Feb'}, {v:2, f:'Mar'}, {v:3, f:'Apr'}, {v:4, f:'May'}, {v:5, f:'Jun'}, {v:6, f:'Jul'}, {v:7, f:'Aug'},{v:8, f:'Sep'}, {v:9, f:'Oct'}, {v:10, f:'Nov'}, {v:11, f:'Dec'}]}}var chart = new google.visualization.LineChart(document.getElementById('testchart'));图表绘制(dView，选项)；}绘制图表()；

I've got a list of dates/values i like to display in a Google Charts: Line Chart.

    data.addRows([
        [new Date("2011-02-01T15:18:21+00:00"), 21.77],
        [new Date("2011-03-01T15:18:59+00:00"), 20.96],
        //[...],
        [new Date("2011-12-01T07:54:15+00:00"), 17.04],
        [new Date("2012-01-01T10:29:00+00:00"), 20.43],
        [new Date("2012-02-01T08:03:00+00:00"), 22.51],
        [new Date("2012-03-01T08:07:00+00:00"), 26.75],
        //[...],
        [new Date("2013-01-02T16:16:00+00:00"), 20.7],
        [new Date("2013-02-03T13:51:00+00:00"), 24.41],
        [new Date("2013-03-01T08:06:00+00:00"), 25.44],
        //[...],
        [new Date("2014-01-01T10:19:00+00:00"), 16.24],
        [new Date("2014-02-01T10:16:00+00:00"), 19.13],
        [new Date("2014-03-01T08:05:00+00:00"), 17.68],
        [new Date("2014-04-01T08:11:00+00:00"), 10.97]
        //[...],

This works fine, but i like to seperate the values by year e.g. one line per year to compare them. How can I set the x-axis range without the year?

This is the result i like to achieve, this works only if i fake all years to be the same.

解决方案

I believe that you desire a discrete axis. However each date is unique so the result is that each data point is a discrete point on the axis. So the trick is to force a continuous axis and fix with formatting. So you do this by creating a view with the first column being a numeric month. Fix the format by translating 0-11 months to tick values and forcing every one tick. Now you can preserve the dates in original value.

And by the way, this is how I do almost all of my charts: 1) Use the data table to sort the rows 2) use the data view to filter on rows and columns and generate derivative values. 3) Use options to finish and/or abstract the presentation of the information.

Working Example on jsFiddle

<div>
<div id='testchart'></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
function drawChart() {
    var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
    data.addColumn('date', 'Date');
    data.addColumn('number', '2011');
    data.addColumn('number', '2012');
    data.addColumn('number', '2013');
    data.addColumn('number', '2014');

    data.addRows([
        [new Date("2011-02-01T15:18:21+00:00"), 21.77, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2011-03-01T15:18:59+00:00"), 20.96, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2011-04-01T15:19:22+00:00"), 15.75, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2011-05-01T15:19:44+00:00"), 6.92, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2011-06-01T08:12:00+00:00"), 4.46, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2011-07-06T07:54:00+00:00"), 2.54, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2011-08-01T15:30:21+00:00"), 2.96, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2011-09-01T15:30:35+00:00"), 2.94, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2011-10-01T15:30:58+00:00"), 3.3, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2011-11-01T15:31:37+00:00"), 10.72, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2011-12-01T07:54:15+00:00"), 17.04, null, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-01-01T10:29:00+00:00"), null, 20.43, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-02-01T08:03:00+00:00"), null, 22.51, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-03-01T08:07:00+00:00"), null, 26.75, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-04-01T12:58:04+00:00"), null, 13.09, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-05-01T12:58:59+00:00"), null, 13.52, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-06-01T08:09:00+00:00"), null, 4.71, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-07-01T13:00:06+00:00"), null, 3.92, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-08-01T08:02:00+00:00"), null, 2.85, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-09-01T09:52:18+00:00"), null, 3.05, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-10-01T17:13:00+00:00"), null, 4.2, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-11-01T10:03:00+00:00"), null, 10.79, null, null],
        [new Date("2012-12-01T10:52:00+00:00"), null, 16.68, null, null],
        [new Date("2013-01-02T16:16:00+00:00"), null, null, 20.7, null],
        [new Date("2013-02-03T13:51:00+00:00"), null, null, 24.41, null],
        [new Date("2013-03-01T08:06:00+00:00"), null, null, 25.44, null],
        [new Date("2013-04-01T09:58:00+00:00"), null, null, 23.15, null],
        [new Date("2013-05-01T20:26:00+00:00"), null, null, 12.13, null],
        [new Date("2013-06-01T13:19:00+00:00"), null, null, 6.77, null],
        [new Date("2013-07-01T18:09:00+00:00"), null, null, 4.26, null],
        [new Date("2013-08-23T14:32:00+00:00"), null, null, 2.67, null],
        [new Date("2013-09-01T09:41:00+00:00"), null, null, 3.25, null],
        [new Date("2013-10-01T12:42:14+00:00"), null, null, 5.2, null],
        [new Date("2013-11-01T12:43:17+00:00"), null, null, 8.95, null],
        [new Date("2013-12-01T12:43:38+00:00"), null, null, 17.02, null],
        [new Date("2014-01-01T10:19:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 16.24],
        [new Date("2014-02-01T10:16:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 19.13],
        [new Date("2014-03-01T08:05:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 17.68],
        [new Date("2014-04-01T08:11:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 10.97],
        [new Date("2014-05-01T09:06:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 6.57],
        [new Date("2014-07-01T07:57:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 4.25],
        [new Date("2014-08-03T11:26:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 2.14],
        [new Date("2014-09-02T08:04:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 2.95],
        [new Date("2014-10-01T07:18:00+00:00"), null, null, null, 3.75]
     ]);

    var dView = new google.visualization.DataView(data);
    dView.setColumns([
                        {calc:getmon, type:'number', label:"Month"}
                         ,1
                         ,2
                         ,3
                         ,4]);
    function getmon(dataTable, rowNum){
        var rd = dataTable.getValue(rowNum, 0);
        var rm = rd.getMonth();
        return {v:rm};
    }

    var options = {
            hAxis: {
            title: 'Month'
            ,showTextEvery: 1
            ,ticks: [{v:0, f:'Jan'}, {v:1, f:'Feb'}, {v:2, f:'Mar'}, {v:3, f:'Apr'}, {v:4, f:'May'}, {v:5, f:'Jun'}, {v:6, f:'Jul'}, {v:7, f:'Aug'}, {v:8, f:'Sep'}, {v:9, f:'Oct'}, {v:10, f:'Nov'}, {v:11, f:'Dec'}]
            }
}

    var chart = new google.visualization.LineChart(document.getElementById('testchart'));
    chart.draw(dView, options);
}
drawChart();
</script>

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