获取组内的 (t-1) 数据 [英] Get the (t-1) data within groups
问题描述
抱歉,如果之前有人问过这个问题,但我找不到任何可以准确回答这个问题的问题.我有这样的数据:
Apologies if this has been asked before, but I couldn't find any question which answers this exactly. I have a data like this:
Project Date price
A 30/3/2013 2082
B 19/3/2013 1567
B 22/2/2013 1642
C 12/4/2013 1575
C 5/6/2013 1582
我想有一个按组显示最后实例价格的列.例如,对于第 2 行,同一组的最后一次实例价格为 1642.最终数据将如下所示:
I want to have a column with last-instance prices by group. For example, for row 2, the last instance price for same group will be 1642. The final data will look somewhat like this:
Project Date price lastPrice
A 30/3/2013 2082 0
B 19/3/2013 1567 1642
B 22/2/2013 1642 0
C 12/4/2013 1575 0
C 5/6/2013 1582 1575
如何做到这一点?我面临的主要问题是数据可能无法按日期排序,所以我不能只取最后一个单元格.
How to do this? The main issue I'm facing is that the data may not be ordered by date so its not as if I can just take the last cell.
推荐答案
这是一个选项.如果 0
,我还建议使用 NA
s 代替,因为 0
可能是实际价格.
Here's an option. I'd also recommend to use NA
s instead if 0
because 0
could be actual price.
library(dplyr)
df %>%
arrange(as.Date(Date, format = "%d/%m/%Y")) %>%
group_by(Project) %>%
mutate(lastPrice = lag(price))
# Source: local data frame [5 x 4]
# Groups: Project
#
# Project Date price lastPrice
# 1 B 22/2/2013 1642 NA
# 2 B 19/3/2013 1567 1642
# 3 A 30/3/2013 2082 NA
# 4 C 12/4/2013 1575 NA
# 5 C 5/6/2013 1582 1575
<小时>
另一种选择是使用 开发版本中的 shift
<data.table
library(data.table) ## v >= 1.9.5
setDT(df)[order(as.Date(Date, format = "%d/%m/%Y")),
lastPrice := shift(price),
by = Project]
# Project Date price lastPrice
# 1: A 30/3/2013 2082 NA
# 2: B 19/3/2013 1567 1642
# 3: B 22/2/2013 1642 NA
# 4: C 12/4/2013 1575 NA
# 5: C 5/6/2013 1582 1575
<小时>
或使用基数 R
Or with base R
df <- df[order(df$Project, as.Date(df$Date, format = "%d/%m/%Y")), ]
within(df, lastPrice <- ave(price, Project, FUN = function(x) c(NA, x[-length(x)])))
# Project Date price lastPrice
# 1 A 30/3/2013 2082 NA
# 3 B 22/2/2013 1642 NA
# 2 B 19/3/2013 1567 1642
# 4 C 12/4/2013 1575 NA
# 5 C 5/6/2013 1582 1575
<小时>
作为旁注,最好首先将日期列保留在 Date
类中,因此我建议您使用 df$Date <- as.Date(df$Date, format = "%d/%m/%Y")
一劳永逸.
As a side note, it is better to keep your date column in a Date
class in the first place, so I'd recommend doing df$Date <- as.Date(df$Date, format = "%d/%m/%Y")
once and for all.
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